TruBareMetal for Windows

BluPointe DRS LLC

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Technical Support Policy

Technical support is provided online. Software and documentation updates are available at www.BluPointe.com.

* The TruBareMetal for Windows home page, with software and documentation update information, and support resources, can be found at http://www.BluPointe.com/TruBareMetal.html.

* A support knowledge base for all BluPointe DRS LLC products, including TruBareMetal for Windows, can be found at http://www.BluPointe.com/TruBareMetal/kb.

Registered users can email their questions to support@BluPointe.com if you can’t find a suitable resolution via the aforementioned support resources. If we cannot resolve the issue via email, we may provide telephone support.

Unregistered users will be provided technical support and product information through email only.

Ombudsman Statement

This program is produced by a member of the Association of Software Professionals (ASP). ASP wants to make sure that the shareware principle works for you. If you are unable to resolve a shareware-related problem with an ASP member by contacting the member directly, ASP may be able to help. The ASP Ombudsman can help you resolve a dispute or problem with an ASP member, but does not provide technical support for members’ products. Please contact the ASP Ombudsman online at www.asp-software.org/omb.

Table of Contents

System Requirements

Any of the following operating systems (including x64** and server versions) are supported:

• Non Server Version
• Windows 7 *
• Windows 2008 *
• Windows Vista *
• Windows XP *
• Server Version
• Windows 2003 *
• Windows 2008 *
• Windows 2008 R2*

* These operating systems require Administrator privileges to install and run TruBareMetal for Windows.

** x64 versions of Windows are supported (AMD64/EM64T).

*All systems require VSS to work

Recommended: External hard drive, BDR or NAS Device

Note: You can use a writable CD or DVD drive, but an external Device drive is the preferred method.

If you will be restoring outside of Windows, as most users will, your computer’s BIOS must provide access to the hard drive. In addition, it must meet the following minimum system requirements of BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS :

IBM-compatible personal computer (i386 or newer)

32-MB RAM

Data Storage Size Unit Conventions

Since TruBareMetal for Windows and this document refer to data storage size units, this section provides clarification on the definitions we use. Storage device manufacturers typically define gigabytes (GB) in base decimal, where 1 GB = 1,000 MB = 10⁹ bytes = 1,000,000,000 bytes. Microsoft Windows, on the other hand, defines GB in base binary, where 1 GB = 1,024 MB = 2³⁰ bytes = 1,073,741,824 bytes.

Because of the confusion that can result when these different data storage size unit conventions are each referred to as “gigabytes”, the gibibyte (along with the kibibyte, mebibyte, etc.) was established in 1998 by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). A gibibyte (abbreviated GiB) is a base binary unit, so 1 GiB = 2³⁰ bytes = 1,073,741,824 bytes. The IEC retained the term gigabyte to refer to base decimal, where 1 GB = 10⁹ bytes = 1,000,000,000 bytes.

TruBareMetal for Windows and this document will follow IEC recommendations, and will thus use the terms megabyte (MB), gigabyte (GB), etc. to refer to base decimal, and mebibytes (MiB), gibibytes (GiB), etc. to refer to base binary. So, when you read about the data storage size convention used by Windows, the units will appear as mebibytes (MiB) or gibibytes (GiB), even though Windows itself refers to the units as megabytes (MB) or gigabytes (GB).

How TruBareMetal for Windows Works

The general idea of what has made TruBareMetal so popular is it combines the best attributes of different ideas, file based backup, Image based backup and remote backup. From now on you with the help of your remote service provider and have the best of all three file based for fast easy restores of all of your data all of the time. And the convince in a disaster, system crash or just a lost disk the ability to restore the entire system to a virtual environment, new hard drive or a new system similar or dis-similar.

 

File-Based Backup

When you create a file-based backup, you copy files from one storage location to another using a third-party software package,

Creating a file-based backup is simple, and you can backup or restore any files or folders. But, a file-based backup it has a drawbacks and rewards. Files, folders and volumes can be restored quickly and very convenient.

But the only drawback comes in a disaster from a loss of a hard drive to the entire loss of your location. Recovery of a system can take 1 to 3 days using Microsoft’s system state and it only allows restoring to similar hardware and operating system.

Image-Based Backup

A Image-based backup, also called imaging, differs from file-based backup because imaging operates on the entire partition, including all files and the operating system itself. This is the method of backup employed by TruBareMetal for Windows.

When you create a Image-based image as your backup, you back up not only your data files but also the operating system, in its entirety. If you restore a Image-based backup, your computer returns to the state it was in when you created the image. TruBareMetal for Windows places all information on the target drive in the exact location where it appeared when you created the image.

In addition, you can:

* Restore a Image-based backup even if the operating system isn’t accessible—effectively performing a bare-metal restoration.

* Restore individual files, if you want, using the VHD and VMDK add-ons.

Online backup (remote backup, offsite backup or cloud backup)

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Online backup, also known as remote backup, is a method of offsite data storage in which files, folders, or the entire contents of a hard drive are regularly backed up on a remote server or computer with a network connection.

The rationale behind online backup is simple. By frequently backing up data on a remote hard drive, the risk of catastrophic data loss as a result of fire, theft, file corruption, or other disaster is practically eliminated. With a high-speed Internet connection and your providers software interface, the remote files and folders appear as if they are stored on an external local hard drive. Encryption and password protection help to ensure privacy and security.

For most small, medium-sized and large enterprises or for particularly valuable data, the cost of online backup can prove to be a wise investment.

 

 

TruBareMetal for Windows is a backup program that is designed to function in the Windows operating environment but can back up a hard disk containing any type of operating system. TruBareMetal for Windows protects your system by creating a uncompressed “snapshot” of all used areas of your FAT, FAT32, NTFS, Ext2/3/4, or ReiserFS partition or volume. For other file systems, it saves and restores a uncompressed snapshot of all sectors in the partition or volume, both used and unused areas.

The snapshot backup created by TruBareMetal for Windows is referred to as an image. You can write the image backup to a set of files that you store in a different partition of the hard drive you are backing up, on an external hard drive (the recommended approach), on a network drive. TruBareMetal for Windows can also work with drives that make use of ASPI drivers, if you provide the appropriate DOS-based driver.

When you create the image, TruBareMetal for Windows backs up the file system and files exactly as they are stored on the sectors of your hard drive at the time you make the backup, effectively taking a snapshot of your hard drive when you create the image. TruBareMetal for Windows does not examine the files on your hard drive to make decisions about whether they should be backed up.

Note: See Appendix A: Understanding the Types of Backups on Page 101 for a description of file-based backups vs. Image-based backups. Appendix B: Backup Strategies on Page 102 describes the types of backup strategies you can use, and the strategy you choose plays an important role when you need to restore a backup.

When you create a backup using TruBareMetal for Windows, you back up not only your data files but also the operating system, in its entirety. To understand the full impact of having an image backup, suppose that you install a program to test it and discover it is not what you expected. You attempt to uninstall it and it misbehaves. Before you know it, the fully functional, well-behaved computer you fondly remember from 30 minutes ago is gone, and, in its place, you now have a devil child that won’t even boot. If you restore an image backup taken before you installed the errant program, you effectively remove all traces of the program—your computer returns to the state it was in before you installed the errant program and life goes on as if the errant program never existed on your hard drive. To understand the technical details of how TruBareMetal for Windows creates a Image-based image, see Appendix C: Introduction to Hard Drive Storage on

After backing up with TruBareMetal for Windows, your computer is protected from crashes, data loss, hardware problems, and malicious software (i.e. viruses), since you can restore the snapshot image whenever necessary.

You can view and extract individual files or folders from an image backup by using any VHD or VMDK mount tool.

 

When you are ready to restore a backup file, you typically don’t use TruBareMetal for Windows because you cannot restore a Windows image while you work in that instance of Windows. So, instead, you create an BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS and then use that programs to restore your image. In both cases, when you boot your computer, you don’t boot to Windows, so your Windows installation is not in use and you can safely restore it.

Note: When you purchase TruBareMetal for Windows, you automatically receive a copy of BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS

You can easily create an Bootable disc using the BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk utility that comes with your program; just follow the steps in the section ”

Ways to Use TruBareMetal for Windows

You can use TruBareMetal for Windows in a variety of ways:

Backup Disaster Recovery BDR Device

Backup, Disaster Recovery and Business Continuity are critical to any business, regardless of size. BluPointe’s TruBareMetal Backup and Disaster Recovery appliance is the answer. The BDR provides companies with a reliable and flexible way to keep its businesses running and can be utilized by IT departments of any sizes. BDR’s can be a lifesaver if there is a catastrophic server failure. BDR reduces Recovery Time Objectives (RTO) from days and hours to minutes.

 

Local Usage: You can make a backup with TruBareMetal for Windows. You can store the backup on a secondary hard drive partition, on an external hard drive. Then, when you need to restore, boot from a CD/DVD, USB flash drive (UFD), floppy diskette, or other bootable media that has BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS installed on it, and use BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS to perform the restore operation.

Across a Network: You can use TruBareMetal for Windows to create an image file to a mapped network drive or UNC path. Using BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS (after creating a network-capable boot media), you also can restore an image file from a mapped or mounted network drive. You can use push technology (not included) to automatically start the back up or restore across a network. You also can use TruBareMetal for Windows from the Windows PE environment as described in the next bullet and in the section, “Error: Reference source not found” to back up and restore from a network path.

Overview In all of these scenarios you can boot to a Virtual disk from VMware, Microsoft, Virtual Box or replace a hard drive buy a new computer with much different hardware and move, migrate or recover in just minutes. TruBareMetal is designed to help you recover from the a failed hard drive, system or from the biggest disaster it works with your remote backup system and provider to get your data off site fast and reliably. For the first time a economical, fast and reliable method of DR.

* In the Windows PE Environment: TruBareMetal for Windows includes the “PE Builder Plugin Installer.” You can use the plugin with the free Bart PE Builder, which allows you to build a bootable Windows CD or UFD that also contains TruBareMetal for Windows.

When you boot your computer using this boot media, you boot to a Windows pre-installation environment state, where you can use TruBareMetal for Windows to back up or restore your backup.

TruBareMetal for Windows Quick Start

In this section, you’ll find a general overview of the major processes TruBareMetal for Windows can perform: making a recovery boot disk that you can use to boot your computer and restore a partition or a hard drive, backing up, restoring, and validating an existing backup image. Each of these processes is described in detail, including pictures, later in this manual.

QuickStart: Creating a Recovery Boot Disc

Follow the steps in the section, “Installing TruBareMetal for Windows” on Page 12 to install the product. While installing TruBareMetal for Windows, you can also create the BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS recovery boot media that you can use to boot your computer and restore a partition or a hard drive. This recovery media plays an important role in your use of TruBareMetal for Windows. It is particularly useful if either your hard drive or the partition you use to boot become unusable. You use the Create TruBareMetal Boot Disk utility to create the recovery boot media.

Note: If you prefer, you can create BartPE recovery media. To create a BartPE recovery disc, see the section, “Error: Reference source not found” on Page Error: Reference source not found. If your keyboard connects to your computer via a USB port, you might prefer to create and use a BartPE recovery media because those product support USB keyboards that DOS might not support.

The steps below assume that you have installed Create TruBareMetal Boot Disk, but that you opted not to create the BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS bootable recovery media at the same time that you installed TruBareMetal for Windows. When you create the recovery media while installing TruBareMetal for Windows, you skip Step 1 below.

Note: For detailed steps on creating a bootable recovery disc, see the section, “Creating a Bootable BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for ” on Page 21.

1. Choose Start, All Programs, TruBareMetal DOS, Create TruBareMetal Boot Disk. Select to allow the program to run.

2. Click Next on the Create TruBareMetal Boot Disk welcome screen. The License Agreement screen appears.

3. Read the TruBareMetal Boot Disk license agreement, and if you accept it, select the “I accept the agreement” button and click Next to display either the “Select Options” screen or the “Select the optional components” screen.

4. Enable the desired options on the “Select Options” screen. Click Next, and the Global Geometry and MBR Options screen appears. See the section, “Creating a Bootable BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for ” on Page 21 for a detailed description of these options.

5. Click Next, and the Additional BPVDOS.INI Options screen appears. Most of the options needed to use BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS are set for you by default, but you can use this screen to set additional options.

6. Click Next, and the License Key screen appears. If you own a licensed copy of BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS , supply your serial number.

7. Click Next, and the “Select Target” screen appears. Choose the target that Create TruBareMetal Boot Disk should use to create the bootable BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS media.

You can create a bootable USB flash drive (UFD) with Create TruBareMetal Boot Disk as long as the UFD is not larger than 64 GB.

8. Click Finish, and respond to subsequent prompts as necessary. Create TruBareMetal Boot Disk will then create your bootable media or ISO image. When Create TruBareMetal Boot Disk finishes, the Success screen appears.

9. Click Close on the Create TruBareMetal Boot Disk Success screen.

Obtaining TruBareMetal for Windows

You can download either the unregistered trial version, or the registered version of TruBareMetal for Windows:

* If you have not purchased TruBareMetal for Windows, click here to download the unregistered trial version.

* If you have purchased TruBareMetal for Windows, click here to display a product download form for obtaining the registered version. You will need to provide your name, email address, and TruBareMetal for Windows order number.

Note: If you use the trial version of TruBareMetal for Windows to make a backup, you will be able to restore that image for 30 days. After that time, you will only be able to restore that image using a registered version of BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS or TruBareMetal for Windows.

Installing TruBareMetal for Windows

You install TruBareMetal for Windows the same way you install most Windows programs.

1. Run the setup program you downloaded from the link provided above by double-clicking it. (This will trigger a UAC prompt on Windows Vista and Windows 7 if UAC is enabled. Select to allow the program to run.) The “Welcome to the TruBareMetal for Windows (V2) Setup Wizard” screen appears.

 

2. Click Next. The License Agreement window appears. Read the TruBareMetal for Windows license agreement, and if you accept it, select the “I accept the agreement” option button.

3. Click Next. The Select Destination Location window appears. To change the default folder where TruBareMetal for Windows will be installed, click Browse and navigate to the appropriate folder. Otherwise, continue to Step 4.

• BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS Recovery Disk: BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS is a standalone backup and restore utility that you can use to restore your Windows partition. If you choose the “BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS Recovery Disk” component, you will be able to create a bootable CD/DVD disc, USB flash drive, ISO file, or floppy diskette that you can use to run BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS . Please note that your purchase of TruBareMetal for Windows also includes BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS at no additional charge.

4. Click Next, and the Select Start Menu Folder window appears. You can click Browse to change the Start Menu Folder or you can accept the default.

5. Click Next, and the Select Additional Tasks window appears. Check the appropriate boxes to create Desktop and/or Quick Launch toolbar icons. The following optional setup tasks appear:

• Add TruBareMetal for Windows to Context Menus: This option allows you to right-click on a drive in Explorer and select to create a backup of that partition. The backup will be saved in the “My Backups” folder in the user’s “Documents” folder. It is recommended to move the backup image to another location after it has finished.
• Create BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS Recovery Disk: This option runs the Create TruBareMetal Boot Disk utility, which helps you create a bootable BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS USB flash drive, CD/DVD, ISO image, or floppy diskette. If you don’t check this option, Create TruBareMetal Boot Disk will not run, but the BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS recovery disk files will still be installed (if you selected the applicable option in Step 4).

6. Click Next, and the Ready to Install window appears, summarizing your choices.

7. Click Install, and the Installing window appears. A progress bar shows installation progress. When installation completes, the final window of the TruBareMetal for Windows Installation Wizard appears.

Formulating a Backup Plan that works

Before you create your first backup with TruBareMetal for Windows, we suggest that you formulate a backup plan. There are very few rules to follow; please consider the following ideas to help you create a backup that will help you easily recover from a disaster.

Consider the Destination for Your Backup

Suppose that you will be backing up around 30 GB of data. In this case, you will want to store the backup on an external disk USB, NAS or BDR. Theoptions in this case would be:

• Backup to an external hard drive, BDR or NAS—the recommended alternative.

Plan your Backup with a Restore Strategy in Mind

As obvious as it sounds, we need to say it: Backing up isn’t truly helpful unless you can restore the backup. So, plan not only your backup strategy but also your restore strategy.

Regardless of whether you store your backup on a USB NAS or BDR, you can restore by booting your computer using a recovery boot media you create using the BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS. That boot media automatically contains a copy of BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS that you can use to restore your TruBareMetal for Windows backup.

Your Image product can recognize USB, USB2, IEEE 1394, eSATA, and ATAPI devices where you have stored backup files without any interference on your part. TruBareMetal for Windows.

Note: Image can also recognize ASPI devices if you provide the ASPI driver.

Strike Your Own Balance between Convenience and Resiliency

Consider these simple ideas:

* Save your backups directly to an alternate hard drive partition or external hard drive, and then use your Backup Program (that supports delta’s) to move them offsite. Then, if you need to restore, you can quickly and conveniently use the backup stored on the hard drive. But, if things really go wrong and the primary copy of the backup isn’t available, you can fall back on the copy of the backup that you saved off site.

Restoring an Image File

You can’t restore an image to a partition or drive that is in use by your computer. That is, you cannot boot to a copy of Windows and then restore an image over that copy of Windows.

You can deal with this situation in one of two ways:

* You can use BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS to restore an image to a Windows partition, or

Note: When you purchase TruBareMetal for Windows, you automatically receive copies of BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS.

* You can use the free Bart PE and the “PE Builder Plugin Installer” included with TruBareMetal for Windows to build a bootable Windows CD or DVD that also contains TruBareMetal for Windows. When you boot your computer using this CD/DVD, you boot to a Windows pre-installation environment state, where you can use TruBareMetal for Windows to restore your backup.

In the sections that follow, you find information on creating the BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS boot media and using it to restore a backup.

The information about using TruBareMetal for Windows to restore an image follows the information about using BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS . So, read the section appropriate to your situation.

Before you dive into restoring an image, consider the size of the target location where you plan restore the image. The target must be large enough to accommodate the data from the source partition. The minimum amount of space Image needs to restore an image in the target location equals the amount of space encompassed from the beginning of the source partition to the last used area of the source partition. For example, suppose that the source partition had 2 GB of data and the last part of that data ended 15 GB from the beginning of the source partition. In this case, the target area needs to be at least 15 GB in size, regardless of the overall size of the source partition.

If the target is larger than the source partition, there will be an area of free space left over unless you use the “Resize Partition” or “Resize After Restore” option or perform the restore via command line using the /X parameter as explained later in this manual.

Also, please remember the following.

* If your computer contains more than one CD/DVD drive and you are restoring using BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS from a CD/DVD disc, please make sure that you insert your BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS bootable disc in one CD/DVD drive and no other CD/DVD drive contains a bootable disc.

* Since the hard drive order during the boot process may be different than it is while Windows is running, you may need to press a key when prompted to access the BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS menu that will allow you to select the appropriate drive from which to restore.

Restoring a Backup with BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS

You run BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS by creating bootable media (CD/DVD disc, USB flash drive, floppy diskette) that contains the BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS program. Then, you simply use the BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS boot media to boot the computer containing the drive that you want to back up or restore. Once the computer boots, BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS automatically starts.

Creating a Bootable BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS Disc

In Windows, you can create the BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS boot media using the Create TruBareMetal Boot Disk utility. Follow these steps to use the Create TruBareMetal Boot Disk utility to create the BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS boot media:

Note: These steps assume that you installed the optional “BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS Recovery Disk” component during TruBareMetal for Windows setup; if you did not, re-run the TruBareMetal for Windows setup and select the component on the Additional Components window. If you also select the Create BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS Recovery Disk option on the Select Additional Tasks window, skip Step 1 below.

1. Choose Start, All Programs, BluPointe DRS LLC, TruBareMetal for Windows, BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS, Create Recovery Boot Disk. (This will trigger a UAC prompt in Windows Vista and Windows 7 if UAC is enabled. Select to allow the program to run.) The Create TruBareMetal Boot Disk welcome screen appears.

2. Click Next on the Create TruBareMetal Boot Disk welcome screen. The “License Agreement” screen appears.

3. Read the BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS license agreement, and if you accept it, select the “I accept the agreement” button and click Next to display the “Mouse Support” screen shown below Then the “Video Method” screen.

 

Then the “Video Mode” screen.

Enable the desired options on the “Device and Checkbox Options” screen:

* ATAPI DMA (PATA) – If your PATA CD/DVD drive supports ATAPI DMA, enabling this option dramatically speeds up the process of reading from and writing to the CD/DVD drive. This option will not work with some drives; therefore, if you enable this option and have problems using your CD/DVD drive with BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS , recreate the boot media and leave the option disabled.

* Disable SATA – BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS includes low level support for SATA when the SATA controller is configured in AHCI mode. If the BIOS doesn’t provide enough information to allow BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS to identify the SATA drives when BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS takes control of the SATA drives, BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS may default to using the BIOS drive; in this case, the system will hang until the BIOS returns control (if ever). If you experience hangs and/or the inability to access a hard drive without an error message, recreate the boot media with the Disable SATA checkbox checked.

* Disable SATA Bias – Because some systems have no support whatsoever to match BIOS and SATA drives (see paragraph above), BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS employs a special matching routine to try to identify the BIOS drives that relate to each SATA drive. In some cases, BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS might inadvertently match a BIOS drive to a SATA drive incorrectly. If you experience such an issue, recreate the boot media with the Disable SATA Bias checkbox checked.

* USB 1.1 (UHCI) – If you need USB 1.1 (UHCI) support for older systems that don’t support USB 2.0, enable this option. In addition, some new systems require this option or the USB port will hang and BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS won’t detect any USB devices. USB 2.0 support is always enabled regardless of this option.

* Correct USB Hang (1) – If you experience problems with USB devices hanging, you can enable this option to attempt to correct it. This option can degrade USB IO performance.

* Correct USB Hang (2) – If you experience problems with USB devices hanging, you can enable this option to attempt to correct it. This option can degrade USB IO performance.

* Disable Checkbox Selection – Disables the use of check boxes to select partitions and makes partition selection function the same as previous versions.

4. Click Next, and the “Global Geometry and MBR Options” screen appears.

Check boxes to enable the options:

* Disable Global Geometry – Check this box to disable the global geometry settings and revert to using program defaults or drive specific overrides equivalent to versions prior to 2.52.

* Disable Align MBR for BIOS Auto Mode – This option is enabled by default to prevent problems with unaligned partitions on systems with their BIOS using Auto Mode. Many newer systems use auto mode by default, and some even don’t have an option to turn it off. Check the box if you want to disable this option. This is equivalent to enabling the individual overrides Align MBR Ending HS and Align MBR HS when Truncated. However, you can disable this option by checking the box.

* Align Partitions at 2KiB – This option provides a convenient way to enable 2048 sector alignment for all drives. This is popular with users of SSD type drives. It is the equivalent to enabling the individual overrides Use 2048 Sector Alignment, Align MBR Ending HS, Align MBR HS when Truncated, and disabling Align on End.

* Assume Same Target System – Enable this option to prevent problems where users restore an image from another system to a drive that will be put back in the other system. For example, the hard drive from PC-A is backed up; PC-B is used to restore to a new hard; that new drive is placed back in PC-A. Without this option enabled, TruBareMetal for Windows would setup the partition to properly boot on the hard drive for PC-B which can sometimes (not always) be a problem when the hard drive is going back to PC-A. This option solves that and is equivalent to the individual Use MBR Geometry override.

* Use Source Host Geometry – This option is the global equivalent to the individual Use Original Geometry override.

* Disable Validate Geometry Before Use – This option is enabled by default and used to ensure that the geometry from the MBR on the original system is aligned to known standards before accepting it for use. It only applies when Assume Same Target System is enabled. Check this box to disable this option.

* Use Windows 7 MBR – Windows 7 has tied the MBR code to the kernel loader such that a normal standard MBR may not allow Windows 7 to boot on certain machines. Enable this option to have BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS use Windows 7 compatible MBR code as the standard MBR code.

 

5. Click Next, and the “Additional BPVDOS.INI Options” screen appears. Most of the options needed to use BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS are set for you by default, but you can use this screen to set additional options. For example, you might want to use the TimeZone variable to identify your time zone for BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS , as shown in the figure below. For a complete list of available environment variables, see the section titled “BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS Environment Variables” in the BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS manual.

 

6. Click Next, and the “License/Product Key” screen appears. If you own a licensed copy of BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS , supply your serial number.

7. Click Next, and the “Select Target” screen appears. Choose the target that Create TruBareMetal Boot Disk should use to create the bootable BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS media.

You can create a bootable USB flash drive with Create TruBareMetal Boot Disk as long as the USB flash drive is not larger than 64 GB.

* If you choose the “ISO File” option, also supply an ISO file name in the box provided.

* If you choose the “3 ½ Floppy” option, be sure to insert a floppy diskette before proceeding. The entire contents of this floppy diskette will be overwritten.

* If you choose the “CD/DVD” option, be sure to insert a writable CD or DVD disc before proceeding. The entire contents of this disc will be overwritten.

Create TruBareMetal Boot Disk can automatically overwrite CD-RW, and DVD+RW media. However, if you wish to use DVD-RW media, it must be either brand new or fully blanked before being processed by Create TruBareMetal Boot Disk. To fully blank the DVD-RW media, use your burning software’s “full erase” function. (The “quick erase” function will not work for this purpose.)

* If you select a USB flash drive (UFD), you also must select the USB Mode to use: Normal, Floppy, Partition, or Partition Ex—whichever works on your computer; your computer’s BIOS determines which option works.

Normal – Creates a 1.44 MB floppy diskette image on the UFD. Any additional space on the UFD (beyond the floppy image size) is not available for use. Think of this option as if Create TruBareMetal Boot Disk were formatting the UFD to be a 1.44 MB floppy. If you were to view the UFD in Windows, the drive would appear to be 1.44 MB, even though it might have originally been a 4 GB drive. The UFD is formatted as FAT.

No Partition – The entire UFD is created as a big floppy. If you were to view a 4 GB UFD created using this option in Windows, you’d see free space beyond the amount used by Create TruBareMetal Boot Disk up to the size of the drive. This free space is available to be used normally. If the UFD is 4GB or smaller, it’s formatted as FAT. Otherwise, it’s formatted as FAT32.

Partition – The entire UFD is used as a single bootable partition. The computer’s BIOS will usually detect this type of UFD as a hard drive. Any unused space on the UFD is available to be used normally. If the UFD is 4GB or smaller, it’s formatted as FAT. Otherwise, it’s formatted as FAT32.

Partition Ex – This is the same as the Partition mode except that the INT 13 Extension is used (this is required for some computers to boot a UFD).

The Geometry Calculation Method options control how the drive geometry is calculated for the USB/SD device. It is recommended to try the Default option first. If the device fails to boot properly (e.g. black screen, boot failure, device not found, etc.), the other options can be tried. Make note of which option works properly for future use.

8. Click Finish, and respond to subsequent prompts as necessary. Create TruBareMetal Boot Disk will then create the boot media or ISO image. When Create TruBareMetal Boot Disk finishes, the Success screen appears, as shown below.

9. Click Close on the Create TruBareMetal Boot Disk Success screen.

* If you selected the “3½ Floppy”, “CD/DVD”, or “USB/SD” option in Step 7, you can now use that media to boot and run BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS .

* If you selected the “ISO File” option in Step 7, you will have to use CD/DVD authoring software to create a bootable disc from the ISO file.

Tip: Be sure to test your boot media to make sure that it works and you can see backup images you made previously.

Navigating the BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS Interface

After you boot your computer with your BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS boot media, the main menu of BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS appears.

To select menu items in BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS , use the arrow keys to select the desired option and then press Enter to display the next screen. Some screens, such as the Restore Options screen, contain several sections of options; some of which can be toggled on or off. On these screens, use the Tab key to move from section to section. For options that you can toggle on and off, highlight the option using the arrow keys and then use the space bar to toggle the option on or off, as desired.

BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS also makes wide use of accelerator keys. An accelerator key is an individual letter that can be pressed (or pressed in combination with the Alt key) to select an option or a menu item. In BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS , accelerator keys are highlighted in yellow or are underlined.

How you use an accelerator key depends on the current location of the cursor; if it is in the same section of the screen as the desired accelerator key, simply press the applicable letter (i.e. the letter highlighted in yellow). If the cursor is in any other section, press and hold the Alt key, and then press the applicable letter.

You can use the Esc key or click Back to move back to the previous menu. If you use Esc/Back in this manner, BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS remembers the selections you have already made throughout the BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS session, in the event that you return to the same screen.

When using the GUI version of BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS you can also use the mouse to select controls, toggle options, click buttons, etc.

Restoring the Image

Insert your BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS boot media into the appropriate drive or USB port and boot your computer. Then, follow these steps:

1. On the BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS Main Menu, select Next.

2. On the Restore/Select screen that appears, select an option to determine how BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS handles the selection of the target drive and options:

* If you choose Automatic, BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS attempts to choose the target drive and options automatically using information stored in the backup files. If BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS cannot identify the target drive and options or you don’t accept the suggested target drive, BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS will use the Normal option and ask you to select the target drive and options.

* If you choose Normal, BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS will ask you to select the target drive and options.

 

3. On the Restore From/Select Drive Interface screen that appears, select one of the following options. These options refer to how BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS should attempt to access the hard drive or CD/DVD drive where your image is stored:

* BIOS – Locates and accesses drives using the system BIOS. Please note that any problems or limitations inherent to the system BIOS will apply.

* BIOS (Direct) – Attempts to locate the hard drive using the system BIOS, but then attempts to access it directly, bypassing the BIOS. This can sometimes be helpful in cases where performance with the BIOS option is very poor. In order to get the most out of this option when creating an image, you should select a File (Direct)—rather than File (OS)—for the File Access Method of as the target for restoring the image.

Use BIOS (direct) when you are going to be accessing SATA hard drives and CD/DVD drives at any time during the Restore process.

* USB – Examines the attached USB controller, if any, for available hard drives.

* IEEE1394 – Examines the attached IEEE 1394 controller, if any, for available hard drives.

* Virtual Drive – Select this option if the backup resides on a virtual drive. Use the screens that follow to navigate to and select the virtual drive containing the backup.

4. Either the Restore From/Select File Drive screen shown in the following figure or the Restore From/Select Target Drive screen appears, depending on whether you are restoring from a hard drive or from CD/DVD discs. Select the target CD/DVD drive or hard drive.

Note: If you select a hard drive, the Restore From/Select File Location on HD screen appears. You can select a partition on the hard drive if it contains partitions; otherwise, press Enter.

5. On the Restore From/File Name screen that appears, navigate to and select the backup file you want to restore. If you select a file stored on a hard drive, select either the entire drive or a partition to restore. The options you can set in Step 9 change, depending on your choice here.

Note: If you select a differential backup to restore, you will be prompted to select the related full backup file and you will have the option to restore in a single pass or in multiple passes. If you stored your backup on CD/DVD’s, select the Multi Pass option.

6. On the Restore To/Select Drive Interface screen that appears, select the access method you wish to use for the source hard drive. The choices on this screen are the same as the choices described under Step 4 if you chose File (Direct).

7. On the Restore To/Select Target Drive screen that appears, select the hard drive onto which you want to restore the image you selected in Step 6. Then, select the partition on that drive. The partition you select will be deleted before BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS restores the image.

8. On the Restore Options screen that appears, select the options you want to use while restoring. For an explanation of each option, see the next two sections, “BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS Restore Options for an Entire Drive” on Page 38 and “BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS Restore Options for an Individual Partition” on Page 40.

9. On the Summary screen that appears, click Start when you are ready to begin the restore process. During the restore process, a progress bar appears on-screen. A message appears when BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS finishes.

After you press Enter, the main menu for BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS reappears. At this point, if you are finished using BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS, select Exit, remove the BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS boot media, and then press Enter to reboot your computer.

Note: Until you reboot, the operating system reflects the contents of the drive/partition and file system in the state they were before you restored. Not rebooting can cause data corruption. You can override the reboot prompt by restoring using the command line /rb:0 switch, but do this only if you are an advanced user and understand the potential ramifications of not rebooting.

BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS Restore Options for an Entire Drive

You can set options to restore an image if you choose the Normal option instead of the Automatic option on the Restore/Select screen. The options you can set while restoring using BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS depend on whether you restore an entire drive or a partition. When you restore an entire drive, BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS offers these options that you can set:

Scale to Target – If you use this option when restoring an image, BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS restores the image proportionally to the target drive. For example, suppose that you backed up a 250 GB hard drive and restored the image to a 500 GB hard drive. If you use this option, you allow BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS to double the size of the restored image. This option only works for FAT, FAT32, NTFS, and EXT 2/3/4 file systems and has no effect on images restored to hard drives using other file systems. You cannot use this option in conjunction with the Scale to Fit option. If you inadvertently enable both options, Scale to Fit will take precedence.

Scale to Fit – On FAT, FAT32, NTFS, or EXT 2/3/4 file systems, selecting this option will make BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS assume that the size of the original hard drive is based on the location of the end of the last partition; BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS then applies the same scaling to the target hard drive. If any unpartitioned space existed at the end of the source drive, that unpartitioned space won’t exist on the target drive after you restore your image. This option has no effect on images restored to hard drives using other file systems. You cannot use this option in conjunction with the Scale to Target option. If you inadvertently enable both options, Scale to Fit will take precedence.

Aligned Restore – If you select this option, BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS will align each restored partition to the beginning and end of a cylinder boundary. You may want to enable this option if the target drive has a different geometry than the source drive. Disable this option if you want the target drive to be configured identically to the source drive.

Validate Before Restore – If you select this option, BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS will validate the image file(s) prior to restoring them, will perform internal consistency checks on the backup file(s). If BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS encounters an error during validation, BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS will abort the restore operation without overwriting the partition. If you select this option, the overall processing time BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS takes to restore the image will increase, but you can restore the image with greater certainty that the restored image will be reliable.

Validate Byte-for-Byte – If you select this option, BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS will verify that every byte in the source backup image file was written back to the drive correctly, ensuring 100% accuracy. This option generally increases the processing time of the overall backup operation, but is advisable to use where maximum reliability is required.

Write Standard MBR Code – If you select this option, BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS will install standard master boot code to the Master Boot Record (MBR) after completing the restore operation. The other portions of the MBR (i.e. the partition table, disk signature(s), etc.) will not be affected. Otherwise, BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS will install the standard master boot code only when it appears that there is no existing boot code.

Update Boot Partition - This option updates any references to the restored partition in the active boot partition on the target drive. This is useful for situations where the boot partition differs from the system partition. However, you typically wouldn’t want to use this option if you’re creating a copy of an existing partition you want to keep, unless the target drive will be independent of the original drive. For this to be useful, the active boot partition should already be on the target drive or part of the same copy or restore operation.

Change Disk Signature –This option only applies to full drive restores. It allows you to change the NT Signature restored to the target drive. This can be useful if you plan on having both the original and restored hard drive in the same computer at the same time; otherwise Windows may detect the duplicate signature and modify it which may (depending on the OS) prevent the restored hard drive from booting properly.

Wipe Unused Sectors – This option will wipe (zero-out) unused sectors on the restored drive. When restoring a full drive, the entire drive is wiped, including all gaps between any partitions. Using this option provides an easy way to wipe a drive and restore in a single operation (such as when deploying images to used systems).

Ignore IO Errors – Under ordinary circumstances, if BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS encounters a bad sector on the target partition while restoring, BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS will notify you concerning the write error and give you the option to continue or abort. If you select the Ignore IO Errors option, BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS will ignore the error and continue. Generally, you should select this option only if you need to restore to a target drive that contains known bad sectors. On some systems, if you select this setting and BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS encounters bad sectors, there will be a significant delay as the internal retry/recovery routine of the drive attempts to handle the bad sector(s). In addition, some systems may hang if the BIOS option is used to access the source drive. In such cases, try using the BIOS (Direct) option instead.

Assume Original HD – If you select this option, BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS will keep references to the source hard drive number intact within the partitions that have been restored to the target. If you do not select this option and the target drive number differs from that of the source drive, applicable drive references residing within the restored partitions will be updated to reflect the new hard drive number.

This option has no effect if you are restoring to a target drive whose number matches that of the source drive. If you are restoring to a target drive whose number differs from that of the source drive, but you plan to subsequently move the target drive so that its number matches the source drive again, enabling this option can be beneficial.

Disable Auto Eject – This option prevents BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS from automatically opening the optical drive tray. If you don’t select this option, BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS will open the drive tray whenever a disc is needed and at the completion of the restore operation.

Reboot when Completed – Select this option to reboot your computer after completing the operation you selected on the opening screen of BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS —Backup, Restore, or Copy.

Shutdown when Completed – Select this option to shut down your computer after completing the operation you selected on the opening screen of BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS —Backup, Restore, or Copy.

First Track Sectors – This text box allows you to specify how many sectors of the first track of the hard drive should be restored. If you enter AUTO in this box, the tracks needed for the EMBR will be restored. If you aren’t sure, type AUTO in this box.

BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS Restore Options for an Individual Partition

When you restore an individual partition, BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS offers these options that you can set:

Set Active – If you select this option, BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS will make the restored partition the active partition after completing the restore operation. Otherwise, BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS will make the restored partition active only if no other partition is active and the target drive is HD0.

Update BOOT.INI – When you select this option, BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS will update all partition(w) entries in the boot.ini file found in the restored location to point to itself. This can be useful when restoring Windows NT, Windows 2000, Windows XP, and Windows 2003 operating systems to a new drive or location.

Write Standard MBR Code – If you select this option, BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS will install standard master boot code to the Master Boot Record (MBR) after completing the restore operation. The other portions of the MBR (i.e. the partition table, disk signature, etc.) will not be affected. Otherwise, BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS will install the standard master boot code only when it appears that there is no existing boot code.

Restore Disk Signature – This option applies when you restore a partition that had been assigned a drive letter within Windows prior to being backed up. If you select this option, BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS will restore the disk signature associated with the source partition. If you don’t select this option, BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS will use the disk signature already present in the MBR of the target drive; if none exists, BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS will create one. If you are restoring a partition that had been assigned a drive letter in Windows and you wish to keep that drive letter assignment, select this option.

Restore First Track – Whenever you back up any partition, BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS also backs up the first track of the source hard drive. If you select this option, BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS will restore the first track, which includes the master boot code and the disk signature. This enables you to restore the MBR/EMBR.

Validate Before Restore – If you select this option, BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS will validate the image file(s) prior to restoring them. If BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS encounters an error during validation, BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS will abort the restore operation without overwriting the target.

Validate Byte-for-Byte – If you select this option, BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS will verify that every byte in the source backup image file was written back to the drive correctly, ensuring 100% accuracy. This option generally increases the processing time of the overall backup operation, but is advisable to use where maximum reliability is required.

Update Boot Partition - This option updates any references to the restored partition in the active boot partition on the target drive. This is useful for situations where the boot partition differs from the system partition. However, you typically wouldn’t want to use this option if you’re creating a copy of an existing partition you want to keep, unless the target drive will be independent of the original drive. For this to be useful, the active boot partition should already be on the target drive or part of the same copy or restore operation.

Wipe Unused Sectors – This option will wipe (zero-out) unused sectors in the restored partition(s) or drive, depending on the type of restore performed.

When restoring single partitions or when restoring multiple partitions to a drive with existing partitions, sectors located outside of the restored partition(s) are not wiped. If a partition is resized during the restore, the wiped area for that partition is the final size of the restored partition (not the size of the source partition).

When restoring multiple partitions to a drive with no existing partitions, the entire drive is wiped, including all gaps between any partitions. Using this option provides an easy way to wipe a drive and restore in a single operation (such as when deploying images to used systems).

Ignore IO Errors – Under ordinary circumstances, if BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS encounters a bad sector on the target drive while restoring an image, BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS will notify you concerning the write error and give you the option to continue or abort. If you select the Ignore IO Errors option, BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS will ignore the error and continue. Generally, you should select this option only if you need to restore to a target drive that contains known bad sectors. On some systems, if you select this setting and BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS encounters bad sectors, there will be a significant delay as the internal retry/recovery routine of the drive attempts to handle the bad sector(s). In addition, some systems may hang if the BIOS option is used to access the source drive. In such cases, try using the BIOS (Direct) option instead.

Move to Original MBR Entry – If you select this option, BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS will move the partition table entry of the restored partition to the same location in the master partition table as it had on the source drive. BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS will also move the existing partition table entry to another location rather than overwrite it. You may want to enable this option if you use an environment that tracks master partition table entries, such as Linux.

Assume Original HD – If you select this option, BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS will keep references to the source hard drive number intact within the partitions that have been restored to the target. If you do not select this option and the target drive number differs from that of the source drive, applicable drive references residing within the restored partitions will be updated to reflect the new hard drive number.

This option has no effect if you are restoring to a target drive whose number matches that of the source drive. If you are restoring to a target drive whose number differs from that of the source drive, but you plan to subsequently move the target drive so that its number matches the source drive again, enabling this option can be beneficial.

Disable Auto Eject – This option prevents BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS from automatically opening the optical drive tray. If you don’t select this option, BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS will open the drive tray whenever a disc is needed and at the completion of the restore operation.

Reboot when Completed – Select this option to reboot your computer after completing the operation you selected on the opening screen of BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS —Backup, Restore, or Copy.

Shutdown when Completed – Select this option to shut down your computer after completing the operation you selected on the opening screen of BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS —Backup, Restore, or Copy.

Log Results to File – Select this option to make BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS log the date and time it completes the restore operation. BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS saves the log as IFD.LOG in the IMAGE.EXE program directory. To be able to save IFD.LOG, BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS must be running from a writable medium such as a non-write-protected floppy diskette or UFD. You can use the /logfile or LogFile options to specify an alternate location for IFD.LOG.

First Track Sectors – This text box allows you to specify how many sectors of the first track of the hard drive should be restored. If you enter AUTO in this box, the tracks needed for the EMBR will be restored. If you aren’t sure, type AUTO in this box.

Resize Partition – Currently available only for FAT, FAT32, NTFS, and EXT 2/3/4 partitions, you can use this text box to specify a new size for the restored partition, bound by the Minimum and Maximum values specified by BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS . The units used here are mebibytes, abbreviated MiB. (Please refer to the section titled Data Storage Size Unit Conventions at the beginning of this manual for more information.)

Creating Images of Partitions or Drives with TruBareMetal for Windows

You can use the Copy operation to place an copy of the contents of one partition or drive on another partition or drive. Suppose, for example, that you have a hard drive all set up and configured just the way you want it, and you want to clone that setup so that you can place it in another computer. You can use the Copy operation.

Copying a Partition or Drive

Using the Copy operation, TruBareMetal for Windows makes a Image-by-sector copy of the used areas of the partition or drive you select and places that copy on the partition or drive you designate, overwriting any information stored on the target location. If the partition or drive you copy is a bootable partition or drive, the copy will also be bootable.

Note: Unless you copy an entire drive, TruBareMetal for Windows does not automatically set the copy as the active boot partition unless you select the Set Active option.

To create a copy of a partition or drive, follow these steps:

1. Double-click the TruBareMetal for Windows icon on your desktop or launch the program from its program group on the Start menu.

2. On the TruBareMetal for Windows Welcome window, select Cloud Backup and Restore.

3. Click Next. In the window that appears, select the hard drive, partition, or virtual drive that you want to protect.

When a partition is highlighted, the following options are available:

• Information – Click the Information button to view the details of the partition (used space, free space, size needed to restore, etc.).
• Virtual Drives and TruBareMetal for Windows
• You can use TruBareMetal for Windows to back up to or restore from a single file virtual drive. In most cases, you’re likely to use a virtual drive with TruBareMetal for Windows if you want to back up a physical drive and then restore it to the virtual drive of a virtual machine you’ve created using VirtualPC or VMWare. You can add a virtual drive while working in TruBareMetal for Windows. Click the Add Virtual Drive button to display an Open dialog box. In the File name box, type the name of the virtual drive you want to add and click Open. If the virtual drive name you type doesn’t exist, TruBareMetal for Windows displays a message asking if you want to create a file for the virtual drive. Click Yes, and TruBareMetal for Windows displays this dialog box, where you can define the type and size of the virtual drive. You can specify the size in bytes by including no letters. Or, you can specify the size in Mebibytes by supplying an M or in Gibibytes by supplying a G.
• You can create any of five types of drives:
• * RAW – Fixed Size creates a plain (raw) file as the virtual drive. Its size is fixed and allocated with zeros on creation.
• * VHD – Dynamic Expanding creates a VirtualPC Dynamic Expanding virtual hard drive. These types of virtual drives append data to the file as you add data to the virtual drive; the file size starts small and grows as needed.
• * VHD – Fixed Size creates a VirtualPC Fixed Size virtual hard drive. These types of virtual drives allocate data for the file when its created and the file size does not change.
• * VMDK – Monolithic Sparse (IDE) creates a VMWare Sparse IDE virtual hard drive. These types of virtual drives append data to the file as you add data to the virtual drive; the file size starts small and grows as needed.
• * VMDK – Monolithic Sparse (SCSI) creates a VMWare Sparse SCSI virtual hard drive. These types of virtual drives append data to the file as data is added to the virtual drive; the file size starts small and grows as needed.
• Note that a new virtual drive must be partitioned and formatted before you can use it. However, you can restore an image or copy a partition into a new virtual drive without needing to partition or format it first.

4. Click Next. In the window that appears, select the partition, drive, or free space where you want to save the copy.

or Add a Virtual Drive

5. Click Next. If the selected destination contains data, TruBareMetal for Windows displays a warning that indicates that all data in the partition or on the drive that you selected in Step 4 will be overwritten and lost.

6. Click Yes to display the Options window. See “Understanding Copy Options” for a detailed description of each option.

7. Select any options you want to use and click Next.

8. On the Summary screen that appears, click Start when you are ready to begin the Copy process. A progress bar appears on-screen. You can interrupt the operation at any time by clicking Cancel or pressing the Esc key. TruBareMetal for Windows will ask you to confirm that you want to cancel before it interrupts the operation.

When TruBareMetal for Windows finishes, a window appears to inform you that TruBareMetal for Windows created the Image successfully. You can click Close.

Understanding Copy Options

Copy Unused Sectors – By default, TruBareMetal for Windows moves only sectors in use. If you select this option, TruBareMetal for Windows will copy all sectors on a partition or drive, regardless of whether they contain data. For entire drive copies, this option causes a raw sector-by-sector backup (and later restore) of the entire drive without regard to any partitions or adjustments. This option also causes TruBareMetal for Windows to ignore the Omit Page File Data and Omit Hibernation Data options.

Omit Page File Data – Selected by default, this option eliminates page file data from the copy process.

Omit Hibernation Data – Selected by default, this option eliminates hibernation data from the copy process.

Validate Byte-for-Byte – If you select this option, TruBareMetal for Windows will verify that every byte in the source location was written to the target location correctly, ensuring 100% accuracy. This option generally increases the processing time of the overall operation, but we advise you use this option where maximum reliability is required.

Assume Original HD – If you select this option, TruBareMetal for Windows will keep references to the source hard drive number intact within the partitions that have been copied to the target location. If you do not select this option and the target drive number differs from that of the source drive, applicable drive references residing within the restored partitions will be updated to reflect the new hard drive number. This option is useful when copying Linux partitions.

Reboot When Completed – Selecting this option tells TruBareMetal for Windows to reboot the computer after completing the Copy operation.

Aligned Copy – If you select this option, TruBareMetal for Windows will align each copied partition to the beginning and end of a cylinder boundary. You may want to enable this option if the target drive has a different geometry than the source drive. Disable this option if you want the target drive to be configured identically to the source drive.

Scale to Target – If you use this option when copying a disk or partition, TruBareMetal for Windows copies the image proportionally to the target drive. For example, suppose that you want to copy a 250 GB hard drive to a 500 GB hard drive. If you use this option, you allow TruBareMetal for Windows to double the size of the copy. This option only works for FAT, FAT32, NTFS, and EXT 2/3/4 file systems and has no effect on copies made to hard drives using other file systems. You cannot use this option in conjunction with the Scale to Fit option. If you inadvertently enable both options, Scale to Fit will take precedence.

Scale to Fit – On FAT, FAT32, NTFS, EXT 2/3/4 file systems, selecting this option will make TruBareMetal for Windows assume that the size of the original hard drive is based on the location of the end of the last partition; TruBareMetal for Windows then applies the same scaling to the target hard drive. If any un-partitioned space exists at the end of the source drive, that un-partitioned space won’t exist on the target drive after you restore your image. This option has no effect on copies made to hard drives using other file systems. You cannot use this option in conjunction with the Scale to Target option. If you inadvertently enable both options, Scale to Fit will take precedence.

Ignore IO Errors – Under ordinary circumstances, if TruBareMetal for Windows encounters a bad sector on the target drive while copying, TruBareMetal for Windows will notify you concerning the write error and give you the option to continue or abort. If you select the Ignore IO Errors option, TruBareMetal for Windows will ignore the error and continue. Generally, you should select this option only if you need to copy to a target drive that contains known bad sectors. On some systems, if you select this setting and TruBareMetal for Windows encounters bad sectors, there will be a significant delay as the internal retry/recovery routine of the drive attempts to handle the bad sector(s).

Shutdown When Completed – Selecting this option tells TruBareMetal for Windows to shut down the computer after completing the Copy operation.

Update Boot Partition - This option updates any references to the copied partition in the active boot partition on the target drive. This is useful for situations where the boot partition differs from the system partition. However, you typically wouldn’t want to use this option if you’re creating a copy of an existing partition you want to keep, unless the target drive will be independent of the original drive. For this to be useful, the active boot partition should already be on the target drive or part of the same copy operation.

Log Results to File – Select this option to make TruBareMetal for Windows log the details of the copy operation. By default, TruBareMetal for Windows saves the log as BPVWIN.LOG in the bpimage.EXE program folder. You can use program settings or the /logfile or LogFile options to specify an alternate location for CBR.LOG. Note that TruBareMetal for Windows must be able to write to the specified folder to save the log.

Move to Original MBR Entry – If you select this option, TruBareMetal for Windows will move the partition table entry of the copied partition to the same location in the master partition table as it had on the source drive. TruBareMetal for Windows will also move the existing partition table entry to another location rather than overwrite it. You may want to enable this option if you use an environment that tracks master partition table entries, such as Linux.

Wipe Target Unused Sectors – This option will wipe (zero-out) unused sectors in the copied partition(s) or drive, depending on the type of copy performed.

When copying single partitions or when copying multiple partitions to a drive with existing partitions, sectors located outside of the copied partition(s) are not wiped. If a partition is resized during the copy, the wiped area for that partition is the final size of the copied partition (not the size of the source partition).

When copying a full drive or when copying multiple partitions to a drive with no existing partitions, the entire drive is wiped, including all gaps between any partitions. Using this option provides an easy way to wipe a drive and copy to it in a single operation.

Set Active – If you select this option, TruBareMetal for Windows will make the copied partition the active partition after completing the copy operation. Otherwise, TruBareMetal for Windows will make the copied partition active only if no other partition is active and the target drive is HD0.

Write Standard MBR Code – If you select this option, TruBareMetal for Windows will install standard master boot code to the Master Boot Record (MBR) after completing the copy operation. The other portions of the MBR (i.e. the partition table, disk signature, etc.) will not be affected. Otherwise, TruBareMetal for Windows will install the standard master boot code only when it appears that there is no existing boot code.

Copy First Track – If you select this option, TruBareMetal for Windows will copy the first track of the source hard drive, which includes the master boot code and the disk signature. This enables you to restore the MBR/EMBR.

Copy Disk Signature – This option applies when you copy a partition that had been assigned a drive letter within Windows. If you select this option, TruBareMetal for Windows will copy the disk signature associated with the source partition. If you don’t select this option, TruBareMetal for Windows will use the disk signature already present in the MBR of the target drive; if none exists, TruBareMetal for Windows will create one. If you are copying a partition that had been assigned a drive letter in Windows and you wish to keep that drive letter assignment, select this option.

Change Disk Signature – This option only applies to full drive copies. It allows you to change the NT Signature copied to the target drive. This can be useful if you plan on having both the original and restored hard drive in the same computer at the same time; otherwise Windows may detect the duplicate signature and modify it which may (depending on the OS) prevent the restored hard drive from booting properly.

Update BOOT.INI – When you select this option, TruBareMetal for Windows will update all partition(w) entries in the boot.ini file found in the target location to point to itself. This can be useful when copying Windows NT, Windows 2000, Windows XP, and Windows 2003 operating systems to a new drive or location.

Resize After Copy – Currently available only for FAT, FAT32, NTFS, and EXT 2/3/4 partitions, you can use this text box to specify a new size for the copied partition, bound by the Minimum and Maximum values specified by TruBareMetal for Windows. The units used here are mebibytes, abbreviated MiB. (Please refer to the section titled Data Storage Size Unit Conventions at the beginning of this manual for more information.)

Save Defaults – Click this button to save the settings you establish. In the future, TruBareMetal for Windows will display these settings automatically.

Show Command – Click this button to display the information you would type at a command prompt to start a copy with the options you selected as you displayed the various windows in TruBareMetal for Windows. You can use this information to create a batch file or TBScript (.TBS) file that runs TruBareMetal for Windows by selecting the Save to File option. The command line can be edited before being saved. For details on using TruBareMetal for Windows from a command prompt, see the section, “Running TruBareMetal for Windows from the Command Line” on Page 54.

You may want to set up the base machine so that the last partition ends at one track less than the actual end of the hard drive (around 8 MB less) to leave room for different brands or models of the same size hard drive.

See the following for more information on how to prepare for deployment for Windows XP:

Tip: If you are manually using BartPE/WinPE and the TruBareMetal for Windows plug-in, you can use the [License] section of the bpimage.ini file to automate entering your TruBareMetal for Windows product key using the format shown below. Use the “PE Builder Plugin Installer” included with TruBareMetal for Windows, to have this information entered automatically.

Running TruBareMetal for Windows from the Command Line

You can run TruBareMetal for Windows (BPIMAGE.EXE) from the command line. Be sure to separate the command line options with spaces or colons (:). When run under Windows Vista or Windows 7, TruBareMetal for Windows will trigger a UAC prompt if UAC is enabled.

When running TruBareMetal for Windows from the command line, you might need to include references to hard drive numbers and/or partition IDs. To determine the correct hard drive number or partition ID, complete Steps 1 through 4 in the section “Error: Reference source not found,” making sure that you select the hard drive whose number and/or partition IDs you need to obtain. The hard drive number will then appear in the format “HD n” (e.g. “HD 0″ or “HD 1″). The partition ID appears in parenthesis at the end of each partition description and consists of either two or four characters. In the figure, the first hard drive, HD 0, has two partitions, and their numbers, 01 and 02, appear in parentheses at the end of each partition’s description.

Note: Under certain configurations, hard drive numbers may be different under DOS than they are under Windows or other environments.

The basic format for running TruBareMetal for Windows from the command line is:

bpimage [action] [options]

Valid values for [action] are:

B Backup

R Restore

Copy Copy

V Validate

L List partitions, optical drives, or file contents.

REBOOT Reboot system

When you specify command line options, you precede each option by typing the / (slash) character.

For example, you might type the following at the command prompt to create a backup using TruBareMetal for Windows. The command specifies the source drive and partition, the target drive and partition, and the backup filename.

bpimage /b /d:0@0×01 /f:1@0×01:\mypath\filename

The first parameter, /b, identifies that you want to perform a backup.

The second parameter, /d:0, identifies the drive to back up. This example backs up Hard Drive 0.

The next part of that parameter, @0×01, identifies the partition to back up on the selected hard drive; this example backs up the first partition. If you want to back up the entire drive, simply omit the part of the parameter that identifies the partition.

The third parameter, /f, identifies that you are about to specify where to store the backup file. 1 identifies the target drive and @0×01 again identifies the partition; in this example, TruBareMetal for Windows will store the backup file on Hard Drive 1 in the partition with ID 0×01. The information after @0×01 represents the path and file name where you want to store the backup file. In this example, TruBareMetal for Windows stores the backup file in \mypath\filename.

To list partitions on a hard drive, you would type:

bpimage /l /d:0 > filename.txt

In this example, /d:0 identifies hard drive 0 as the drive for which you want to list partitions and > filename.txt indicates the file where TruBareMetal for Windows will write the list of partitions.

In Table 1, you find the global parameters you can set for TruBareMetal for Windows regardless of the action you set (backup, restore, validate, or copy).

The table shows you both the command line option and the INI file variable. In some instances, both forms of the parameter are available; in other cases, only one is available. When one form of an option isn’t available, N/A appears. To set up an INI file, place these parameters in the [Options] section except as otherwise noted.

Table 1: TruBareMetal for Windows Global Parameters

Command Line Option INI Variable

/uvl:0 VolumeLabels=0

Instructs TruBareMetal for Windows to display the string found in the partition table of the EMBR, if possible, rather than volume labels.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows will display volume labels, even if identifiers for applicable partitions exist in the EMBR.

/seq SeqVolID=1

Instructs TruBareMetal for Windows to assign ID numbers to volumes in sequential order rather than random order.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows will assign ID numbers to the volumes in random order.

/cb:n CheckBoxes=n

Determines if check boxes are used for partition selection.0 = No, only a drive or single partition can be selected. 1 = Use individual checkboxes. Each partition has its own selection. 2 = Use linked checkboxes. Each partition has its own selection, but they are linked and selection of an extended partition only selects the individual volumes. Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows uses linked checkboxes.

/shownet:n ShowNetwork=n

Determines if the Entire Network option is available in the file location tree dialog box. You’d use this option to disable the Entire Network option if searching the network for servers and shares takes too much time.0 = No. 1 = Yes. Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows displays the Entire Network option.

/cdbins:n CDBIns=n

Determines which CD Boot Instruction file to use. 0=BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS (cdboot.ifd), 1=Image for Linux (cdboot.ifl), 2=Custom (CDBOOT.INS).Default if omitted: BP Cloud Restore Boot Disk for DOS option is used.

/nocan NoCancel=1

Tells TruBareMetal for Windows not to permit use of the F12 key to cancel the backup, restore, validate, or copy operation once it has begun.Default if omitted: You can use the F12 key to cancel the current operation.

/w7mbr Win7MBR=1

Windows 7 has tied the MBR code to the kernel loader such that a normal standard MBR may not allow Windows 7 to boot on certain machines. This option tells TruBareMetal for Windows to use Windows 7 compatible MBR code as the standard MBR code. Note that the .ini file value is not used on command-line based operations.Default if omitted: A normal standard MBR is used.

/vn:filename,cr,type,sizeinmb VN=filename,cr,type,sizeinmb

Makes a virtual drive available for use by TruBareMetal for Windows. n is a number between 0 and 9 you use to represent any of 10 virtual drives. If you reuse a number, TruBareMetal for Windows will replace the prior definition for that virtual drive.You must define the virtual device before using it with other command line parameters using one of two formats: a) Just include the file name of an existing virtual drive, or b) Provide additional parameters after the filename using commas as shown in the sample above. For the cr parameter, use the letter C or the letter R. Using C tells TruBareMetal for Windows to create a new virtual drive if one doesn’t exist and using R tells TruBareMetal for Windows to recreate the virtual drive even if one already exists. Note that TruBareMetal for Windows gives no warning before recreating a virtual drive if you use R. For the type parameter, use either raw, vhdd, vhdf, vmdk, vmdks, where raw is a plain raw file that is allocated as the virtual drive, vhdd is a VirtualPC Dynamic Expanding file, vhdf is a VirtualPC Fixed file, vmdk is a VMWare Monolithic Sparse IDE file, and vmdks is a VMWare Monolithic Sparse SCSI file. You can use a special form of the command line parameter to remove all references to any defined virtual drives: “/v0:” (without the quotation marks). This special format is useful when you want to override any Vn= references that may exist in an .INI file. Default if omitted: No virtual drives are defined.

/kfb KeepFailedBackups=1

Prevents TruBareMetal for Windows from deleting the backup created when the backup operation fails.Default if omitted: The backup created is deleted if the backup failed.

/recover

Attempts to access image files that are reported as incomplete and suppresses the data loss message/clearing of boot sector data on a failed validation during restore. If you obtain an image stream corrupt message using this option the restored file system should not be trusted. You should attempt to obtain the files you need (which may not be valid) then reformat the partition or restore a good image.Default if omitted: An incomplete image is reported when opened and boot sector data is not updated or cleared on a restore that fails.

/logfile:”x:\path to\logfile.txt” LogFile=”x:\path to\logfile.txt”

Use this parameter to specify the path and filename of the log file. x is a drive letter, path is the desired path, logfile (or log file) is the name of the log file, and txtis the file extension of the log file name. TruBareMetal for Windows doesn’t automatically add a file extension. If you use paths and/or filenames with imbedded spaces, enclose them in quotation marks.The folder you specify for the log file must exist prior to performing an applicable operation in TruBareMetal for Windows. If the path does not exist, TruBareMetal for Windows will not create the specified log file. Default if omitted: If logging has not been disabled with /log:0, a log named BPVWIN.LOG is created in the current directory of the operating environment.

/logmax:n LogMaxSize=n

Ensures the log file doesn’t grow beyond the size n given. Once n is reached the data from the top of the file is purged. Because of this, you typically don’t want a large n value.Default if omitted: There is no size limit on the log file.

/logl:n LogLevel=n

Causes less or more information to be output to the log file. Use level 1 for errors only, 2 for warnings, 3 for status, 4 for information, 10 for debugging.Default if omitted: Informational level logging is performed.

/ctf CreateTagFiles=1

Use this option to cause a file named #TBTAG# in the root of any copied or restored partition with information about what program was used and when it was restored or copied. Note that if this option was enabled during a restore or copy then later backed up and restored with tagging disabled, the old tag file remains on the partition. In other words, with this option off, it doesn’t delete tag files on restored or copied partitions.Default if omitted: No tag file is created.

/of:8 OFlags=8

Setting this bit oriented option to 8 will cause single partition and multiple partition backups created to have the “restore first track” and “write standard mbr code” options restricted upon restoring with version 2.62 or later. This is not an option for normal use.Default if omitted: No restrictions are set.

/evlogl:n EventLogLevel=n

This option affects how TruBareMetal for Windows writes to the Windows event log during backup, restore, validation, and copy operations. Use one of the following values in place of n:0 – Disable all event logging 1 – Log errors only 2 – Log errors and warnings 3 – Log errors, warnings, and start/stop status 4 – Log errors, warnings, start/stop status, and information Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows will log errors, warnings, and start/stop status to the event log (equivalent to /evlogl:3).

/relax:n RelaxedMatching=n

Use this option when performing a differential backup to instruct TruBareMetal for Windows to relax some of the criteria it uses to determine the drive you used as the source during the corresponding full backup. This option has no effect during full backup operations. Use one of the following values in place of n:1 – Enable relaxed criteria. Disk signature must match. 2 – Enable relaxed criteria and also ignore the disk signature. Note: Specifying /relax is equivalent to /relax:1 Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows does not relax the criteria it uses to detect the full backup source drive.

/quit N/A

Use this option to cancel any operation before it occurs. Anything prior to the operation beginning still occurs. This is useful for processing a global command line option without bring up the user interface.Default if omitted: The operation is not canceled.

/savename:varname N/A

This option is used to save the main file name used on a successful backup, restore or validate operation to the registry. You can then use the varname given on this option as a file path variable on the same computer. See “Error: Reference source not found” section for an example.Default if omitted: No filename is saved to the registry.

/email:smtphost*from*to*subject*p*u*pw Email=smtphost*from*to*subject*p*u*pw

Use this option to have TruBareMetal for Windows email the results of an operation. This causes the email to be sent even if /log:0is used. However, if an operation never starts (including a /login failure) an email is not sent. If the subject is omitted, TruBareMetal for Windows determines text for the subject. For full control of the subject line you need to include a place holder ~ec~ which is replaced by the error code otherwise TruBareMetal for Windows appends the completion code text to the subject. The p, u, and pw values are optional and relate to the port, user, and password that should be used. Port 25 is the default SMTP port.You can also specify a password cached by the /login: option by using the following format (where name is the user for the login): {#name#} For example: /email:smtp.mydomain.com*anybody@mydomain.com*it@mydomain.com Default if omitted: No email is sent.

/po:n PerfOpt=n

This option is used to manually control various file caching options of TruBareMetal for Windows and Windows itself. The settings can have an impact on the overall performance and can be used to fix some driver-based problems as well. The values for n can be as follows and combined using addition: 0 Disable default cache settings used by TruBareMetal for Windows 16 Disable Write Cache on Removable Drives (only applies if 257 not used) 32 Use smallest alignment (applies to 2.59 or later) 257 Use Windows Cache on Writes 514 Use Windows Cache on Reads 1028 Use Small Write cache on Backup 2056 Use Small Write cache on Restore For example, users saving to an iPod may get an error “Unable to write data to file”. This can be fixed by using the /po:0 option (disabling the default option 16). Network users may find some combination of values work better than what TruBareMetal for Windows determines to use itself. Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows Disables Write Cache on Removable Drives (16) and uses the other values as it sees fit.

/min N/A

Use this option to have TruBareMetal for Windows minimize itself.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows does not automatically minimize itself.

/priority:n Priority=n

Use this option to have TruBareMetal for Windows adjust its CPU priority when an operation begins. The available options for n are: 0=Low, 1=Below Normal, 2=Normal, 3=Above Normal, 4=High.In addition, you can enable background mode by adding 8 to the previous values, for example, 10=Normal CPU run in background mode. However, running in background mode is VERY slow. For example, something that normally takes 30 seconds may take 10 minutes when TruBareMetal for Windows is running in background mode. Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows does not change the priority.

/login:\\server\share*user*password LogIn=\\server\share*user*password

Use this option to have TruBareMetal for Windows attempt to automatically login to a share on a server. This would typically be needed when Windows cannot automatically login to the share for the user profile running TruBareMetal for Windows.TruBareMetal for Windows also allows you to cache an encrypted password to the registry so a clear-text password is not needed. When doing this it’s important to use the same user profile that will attempt to login when running TruBareMetal for Windows because it can only be decrypted by the user that created it. Examples: Store an encrypted password to the registry: /login:*ntdomain\user*password Delete a cached encrypted password: /login:*ntdomain\user Login using encrypted password: /login:\\server\share*ntdomain\user Login using text password: /login:\\server\share*ntdomain\user*password Tip: When storing a cached password you may want to use /log:0 to ensure it’s not logged to BPVWIN.log and /quit if you don’t need the user interface. Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows does not attempt to manually login to a share.

/plur PHYLockUseReg=1

Use this option to obtain PHYLock settings from the registry instead of using those stored in the BPVWIN.inifile and/or set using environment variables. Default if omitted: PHYLock uses INI and/or environment variables.

/ignsvc IgnoreServices=1

Use this option to tell TruBareMetal for Windows to ignore the services.insconfiguration file.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows uses the services.ins file if it exists.

/usbign:n USBIgnoreMask=n

Use this option to hide certain USB host controllers. For example, if you have a USB keyboard, TruBareMetal for Windows might disable the keyboard when it takes control of the USB2 host controller. Using this option, you can hide the host controller of that USB keyboard and attach the USB keyboard to a different controller. It usually takes some experimentation to determine which controller to hide, but the two USB ports next to each other are usually controlled by the same host controller. To hide the first USB controller, use /usbign:1, and to hide the second USB controller, use /usbign:2. To hide the third USB controller, use /usbign:4. To hide both the first and second USB controllers, use /usbign:3.Note: Use a basic Bit Mask numbering scheme. Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows takes control of all detected USB2 host controllers.

/cbs:0 ClearBootStatus=0

Use this option to prevent TruBareMetal for Windows from forcing Windows to assume a clean shutdown on Windows 2008 R2/Vista/7. This applies to copy and restore only.Default if omitted: Windows 2008 R2/Vista/7 boot status is cleared.

/phc:n PageHiberClear=n

This option is used to control how the default pagefile and hibernation file are treated after being restored or copied when they have been omitted from the backup/copy. The values are bit-based and can be one of the following values or a combination of the following values added together:1 – Clear the first 4096 bytes of the page file. 2 – Truncate page file to zero. 4 – Clear the first 8192 bytes of hibernation file. 8 – Truncate hibernation file to zero. For example, to truncate the page file and clear the first 8192 bytes of the hibernation file, use 6. Default if omitted: The first 4096 bytes of the page file are cleared.

/fnts:0 ForceNTSig=0

When TruBareMetal for Windows notifies Windows of changed partitions (see /noosn option) during copy or restores, Windows may alter the disk signature if a disk with that signature already exists. This can cause problems that will prevent the target disk from booting Windows properly. To prevent this TruBareMetal for Windows forces the disk signature to the restored (copied) value even if another disk with the same signature exists. However, if you disconnect and reconnect or delete/add partitions on the new drive, Windows will once again alter the disk signature to prevent duplicates.Setting this option to zero will prevent TruBareMetal for Windows from ensuring the disk signature is retained. Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows will ensure the disk signature is restored even when there are duplicates.

/msg:”my message” Message=”my message“

This option applies only to the console version of TruBareMetal for Windows (BPIMAGEC.EXE), and not to the standard version (BPIMAGE.EXE).Use this option to specify the text TruBareMetal for Windows displays while backing up, restoring, validating, or copying. If your message text contains spaces, place the message text in quotation marks: /msg:“my message” Use /n to force a new line; otherwise, text wraps to screen width only: /msg:“first line\nsecond line” Default if omitted: No message text is displayed.

/uggs:0 UseGlobalGeoSettings=0Place under the [HDx] section

Use this parameter to disable the use of the global geometry settings for this individual drive. This applies to interactive use of global geometry settings.Default if omitted: Global geometry settings apply to the drive.

/npt NoPartTable=0x10000Place under the [HDx] section

Use this parameter to tell TruBareMetal for Windows to treat the selected drive as a drive that doesn’t use a partition table. If you use this option on the command line, you must place it before the /d option. It stays in effect until you disable it using /npt:0. You may want to disable this option if you use additional options to select a device/partition such as the /f:0@0×1:\filename option. Note that the .ini file value is not used on command-line based operations.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows treats the selected drive as a drive that uses a partition table.

/anpt AssumeNoPartTable=0x40000Place under the [HDx] section

Use this parameter to tell TruBareMetal for Windows to treat the selected drive as a drive that doesn’t use a partition table only if the first sector on the drive is all zeros. If you use this option on the command line, you must place it before the device is specified. Note that the .ini file value is not used on command-line based operations.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows treats the selected drive as a drive that uses a partition table.

/nptrm NPTOptRemMedOnly=0x80000Goes under the [HDx] section

Use this parameter to tell TruBareMetal for Windows to apply the npt or anpt options on removable media only. If you use this option on the command line, you must place it before the device is specified. Note that the .ini file value is not used on command-line based operations.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows applies the npt or anpt option to all drives..

/geodis GlobalGeoDisable=1

Use this to disable the global geometry settings and revert to using program defaults or drive specific overrides equivalent to versions prior to 2.52. This option only applies to interactive sessions; it does not apply to command line restores.Default if omitted: Global geometry options are not disabled.

/geoah GlobalGeoAlignHS=1

When this option is enabled TruBareMetal for Windows will prevent problems with unaligned partitions being restored to systems with BIOS Auto Mode enabled. Many newer systems use auto mode by default, and some even don’t have an option to turn it off. This is equivalent to enabling the individual overrides Align MBR Ending HS and Align MBR HS when Truncated. This option only applies to interactive sessions; it does not apply to command line restores. To disable use /geoah:0Default if omitted: This option is enabled.

/geoa2k GlobalGeoAlign2K=1

This option provides a convenient way to enable 2048 sector alignment for all drives. This is popular with users of SSD type drives. It is the equivalent to enabling the individual overrides Use 2048 Sector Alignment, Align MBR Ending HS, Align MBR HS when Truncated, and disabling Align on End. This option only applies to interactive sessions; it does not apply to command line restores.Default if omitted: This option is disabled.

/geombr GlobalGeoMBRGeo=1

This option is used to prevent problems where users restore an image from another system to a drive that will be put back in the other system. For example, the hard drive from PC-A is backed up; PC-B is used to restore to a new hard; that new drive is placed back in PC-A. Without this option enabled, TruBareMetal for Windows would setup the partition to properly boot on the hard drive for PC-B which can sometimes (not always) be a problem when the hard drive is going back to PC-A. This option solves that and is equivalent to the individual Use MBR Geometryoverride. This option only applies to interactive sessions; it does not apply to command line restores.Default if omitted: This option is Disabled.

/geombrv GlobalGeoMBRGeoValidate=1

This option is used to ensure that the geometry from the MBR on the original system is aligned to known standards before accepting it for use. It only applies when /gemombr (GlobalGeoMBRGeo) is enabled. This option only applies to interactive sessions; it does not apply to command line restores. To disable use /geombrv:0Default if omitted: This option is enabled.

/geoorg GlobalGeoOrgGeo=1

This option is the global equivalent to the individual Use Original Geometryoverride. This option only applies to interactive sessions; it does not apply to command line restores.Default if omitted: This option is disabled.

/nos:size NoScale=size

This option offers a way to prevent scaling of small partitions when scaling to a larger drive. Partitions that are size (in bytes) or smaller will not be scaled. For example: 200m would not scale partitions that are 200MiB or smaller. Note that the .ini file value is not used on command-line based operations.Default if omitted: All partitions are scaled when scaling is used.

/chgvid ChgVolID=1

Use this option to change the file system volume id/serial number of restored or copied FAT/NTFS/HPFS partitions. Note that the .ini file value is not used on command-line based operations.Default if omitted: The file system volume ID/serial number is not changed.

/un N/A

Use this parameter to perform an unattended backup and tell TruBareMetal for Windows to assume the answer to all Yes/No prompts is No, the answer to all OK/Cancel messages is Cancel, and the answer to all Abort/Retry/Ignore prompts is Abort. TruBareMetal for Windows then terminates the backup process when the first Yes/No prompt appears.This option should be placed just after the action parameter (/b /r /v) to ensure this parameter is in effect for prompts that may occur in other command line options. If desired, you may override the effect of un for Abort/Retry/Ignore prompts by also supplying the ui parameter. See the description of the ui parameter below for more information. This option is disabled when additional media is needed (file not found) and /um is not specified. Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows does not run an unattended backup.

/uy N/A

Use this parameter to perform an unattended backup and tell TruBareMetal for Windows to assume the answer to all Yes/No prompts is Yes, the answer to all OK/Cancel messages is OK, and the answer to all Abort/Retry/Ignore prompts is Ignore.This option should be placed just after the action parameter (/b /r /v) to ensure this parameter is in effect for prompts that may occur in other command line options. This option is disabled when additional media is needed (file not found) and /um is not specified. Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows does not run an unattended backup.

/ui N/A

Use this parameter when performing an unattended backup to tell TruBareMetal for Windows to assume the answer to all Abort/Retry/Ignore prompts is Ignore. You can use this parameter alone or in conjunction with un. (Using ui with uy is unnecessary, since uyalone causes Ignore to be selected.)Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows assumes the answer to all Abort/Retry/Ignore prompts is either Abort or Ignore, depending on whether you set un or uy (respectively). If un, uy, and ui are all omitted, TruBareMetal for Windows displays the Abort/Retry/Ignore prompt.

/um N/A

During an unattended backup using CD/DVD discs, use this parameter to tell TruBareMetal for Windows to ignore the first request for media. This option helps you start the backup if you have already inserted a disc and a prompt appears asking for the disc. This option works only for the first prompt—you need to respond to other prompts for media unless you specify /uy or /un. If you combine /uy or /un with this option, then any additional disc requests will cause the program to end with an error instead of prompting for the media.For media other than CD/DVD discs or during a restore/validation, using this option allows the program to end with an error instead of prompting for the media. Place this option just after the action parameter (/b /r /v) to ensure this parameter is in effect for prompts that may occur in other command line options. Default if omitted: Media change requests will disable the /uy or /un options and you will need to respond to the request.

 

You also can set options to control the behavior of PHYLock; these options are described in Table 2. In some instances, both forms of the parameter are available; in other cases, only one is available. When one form of an option isn’t available, N/A appears. To set up an INI file, place these parameters in the [PHYLock_Options] section and, if necessary, disable the PHYLockUseReg option in the [Options] section.

Table 2: PHYLock Parameters

Command Line Option INI Variable

/pldis PHYLockDisable=1

Use this option to disable PHYLock completely.Default if omitted. TruBareMetal for Windows uses PHYLock to lock the disk or partition.

/plifnl PHYLockIfNoLock=1

Use this option to instruct TruBareMetal for Windows to use PHYLock if TruBareMetal for Windows can’t obtain a normal lock.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows will report that it cannot perform the selected operation because it cannot obtain a lock on the selected drive or partition.

/plrell PHYLockReleaseLock=1

Use this option to instruct TruBareMetal for Windows to attempt a normal lock and then use PHYLock, even if the lock was obtained. If TruBareMetal for Windows obtains a normal lock, the lock is released after enabling PHYLock.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows uses a normal lock if it can obtain one; if not, TruBareMetal for Windows uses PHYLock to lock the disk or partition.

/plvolf PHYLockVolFlush=1

Use this option to instruct TruBareMetal for Windows to attempt to flush the disk cache of the source drive before attempting to obtain a normal lock or enabling PHYLock.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows does not try to flush the disk cache.

/pldisk PHYLockUseDisk=1

Use this option to instruct TruBareMetal for Windows to attempt to use disk-based storage for the PHYLock cache with a size specified by the /pldcsparameter.Using a value of 0 will disable this option (e.g. /pldisk:0). Default if omitted: This option will be enabled.

/plmem:n PHYLockMemory=n

Use this option to control how much computer memory PHYLock will allocate for itself. You only need to increase the allocation size if you receive the error “PHYLock failed to cache changes” and increasing the PHYLock memory and/or disk cache (i.e. /plcs and/or /pldcs) has not solved the problem.Replace n with either 2, 1, or 0. Using a value of 2 instructs PHYLock to use a smaller memory allocation, while 1 and 0 correspond to a normal and larger allocation, respectively. Default if omitted: PHYLock uses a normal memory allocation.

/pldcs:n PHYLockDiskCacheSize=n

Use this option to set the size in MiB of the disk cache TruBareMetal for Windows should use. n should be a positive integer (e.g. 600, 1024, etc.) between 1 and 4095. You must also use /pldisk for /pldcsto have any effect.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows uses 600 MiB for the disk cache size.

/plwft:n PHYLockWaitTime=n

Use this option to set the amount of time, in milliseconds (ms), during which writes to the source drive will prevent PHYLock from becoming enabled. Setting this parameter helps ensure that file truncation and/or corruption does not occur. Keep this value above 1250.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows uses 4250 ms.

/plmwt:n PHYLockMaxWaitTime=n

Use this option to set the maximum amount of time, in minutes, that PHYLock will wait before it enables. You can use this option to prevent frequent disk writes from interfering with the start of a backup operation. Setting a value of 0 will instruct PHYLock to wait indefinitely.Default if omitted: PHYLock will wait indefinitely until the wait time is satisfied or you cancel the operation.

/plcs:n PHYLockCacheSize=n

Use this option to set the size, in kibibytes, of the memory cache TruBareMetal for Windows should use for PHYLock. nshould be a positive integer (e.g. 2048, 4096, etc.). You should not use a value below 2048 for this setting.Default if omitted: PHYLock uses a 8192-KiB (8 MiB) memory cache.

/usevss UseVSS=1

This option will cause TruBareMetal for Windows to try using Microsoft’s Volume Shadow Copy Services before using PHYLock on Windows 2003 or later. If VSS is unable to be started then PHYLock may be usedDefault if omitted: VSS is not used.

 

TruBareMetal for Windows Backup Options

In Table 3, you find the command line options that you must set to use TruBareMetal for Windows to make a backup image.

The table shows you both the command line option and the INI file variable. In some instances, both forms of the parameter are available; in other cases, only one is available. When one form of an option isn’t available, N/A appears. To set up an INI file, place these parameters in the [Backup_Defaults] section.

Table 3: TruBareMetal for Windows Required Backup Parameters

Command Line Option INI Variable

/b N/A

Use this option to indicate that you want to perform a backup.Also required: Either /d option to specify a full backup or /base option (for differential backup) and the /f option to specify target image file destination.

/d N/A

Use when performing a full backup to identify the source hard drive and partition. For most users, the partition ID will be a number from 1 through 4. For partition IDs of 9 or below, you can use a single digit in place of hexadecimal notation (e.g. 1 is equivalent to 0×1, and 5 is equivalent to 0×5).The volume ID will be a number formatted as 0xPVV, where P is the extended partition and VV is the volume number in hexadecimal from 01 to FF. If you are not sure what the partition or volume ID is, run TruBareMetal for Windows using the interface, choose the Backup option, and click Next. The screen that lists the partitions and volumes also will display the ID in parentheses as a hexadecimal number. You should prefix that number with a 0x on the command line. /d:d@p/d:wd@p /d:?D: /d:#ntsig   dis the source hard drive numberp is the source partition or volume ID (hex or decimal notation), depending on whether you are referring to a partition or a volume. D: is the source drive letter. You can use device modifiers as needed. When you use them, you must place them after the /d: and before the source hard drive number: w – Windows device. v – Virtual drive. ? – Drive letter follows. # – NT Disk Signature Follows The /d option cannot be used with the /base option.

/base N/A

Use when performing a differential backup to identify the full backup on which TruBareMetal for Windows should base this differential backup. /base:x:\bkup/base:x:\mypath\bkup /base:”x:\my path\bkup” Or: /base:d@p:\bkup /base:d@p:\mypath\bkup /base:”d@p:\mypath\bkup” /base:#ntsig@p:\mypath\bkup   x:\is source drive lettermypathor mypath is path to bkup bkup is name of existing full backup (omit file extension) Or: Specify source device, partition, path, and file name: d is source hard drive number p is source partition ID (hex or decimal notation) # – NT Disk Signature Follows You can use device modifiers as needed. When you use them, you must place them after the /base: and before the source hard drive number: w – Windows Device o – Optical drive v – Virtual drive Whether using drive letter or device/partition, you may specify any path desired. Paths and/or file names with imbedded spaces require the use of quotes. The /base option cannot be used with the /d option.

/f N/A

Use this option to specify the target drive letter, path, and file name for a backup file. /f:x:\filename/f:x:\mypath\filename /f:”x:\my path\file name” Or: /f:d@p:\filename /f:d@p:\mypath\filename /f:”d@p:\my path\filename” /f:#ntsig@p:\mypath\filename x:\is target drive lettermypath or my path is path to filename filename is target file name for image Or: Specify target device, partition, path, and file name: d is target hard drive number p is target partition ID (hex or decimal notation) # – NT Disk Signature Follows mypath or my path is path to filename filename is target file name for image Device modifiers may be used as needed. When used, they must be placed after the /f: and before the target hard drive number: w – Windows Device o – Optical drive (when you combine this option with the option mentioned above, this option must come last) v – Virtual drive Whether using drive letter or device/partition, you may specify any path desired. Paths and/or file names with imbedded spaces require the use of quotes. o can be use with a, u, f, and s

 

The above options are required when you perform a backup using TruBareMetal for Windows from the command line. In Table 4, you find a list of the optional backup parameters you can use when you run TruBareMetal for Windows from the command line.

The table shows you both the command line option and the INI file variable. In some instances, both forms of the options are available; in other cases, only one is available. When one form of an option isn’t available, N/A appears. To set up an INI file, place these parameters in the [Backup_Defaults] section.

Table 4: TruBareMetal for Windows Optional Backup Parameters

Command Line Option INI Variable

/pw:mypassword or /pw:{#name#} N/A

Use this option to set a password for TruBareMetal for Windows to use in conjunction with simple password protection or AES encryption. Your password cannot exceed 128 characters and may contain upper/lowercase letters, numbers, special characters, spaces, and non-ASCII characters.You can also specify a password cached by the /login: option by using the following format (where name is the user for the login): /pw:{#name#} If the password or name contains spaces, surround it with quotation marks. For example: /pw:”my password” or /pw:”{#john doe#}” This option must be used if you also specify enc:1 or enc:3, described later in this table. Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows does not assign a password, and the backup will be neither password protected nor encrypted.

/rb:n N/A

Instructs TruBareMetal for Windows to reboot the computer after completing the backup operation. The value n can be 1 to reboot with all prompts, 2 to reboot with completion message, but without reboot message (error does not cancel reboot), 4 to reboot without completion message or reboot message (error cancels reboot), 8 to shutdown.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows attempts to determine if the computer needs to be rebooted after completing the backup and, if so, prompts you to reboot.

/md MakeDir=1

This option causes TruBareMetal for Windows to always create the target path if doesn’t exist.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows doesn’t attempt to create the target path.

/mp MultiPass=1

Use this parameter to tell TruBareMetal for Windows to use Multi Pass mode when creating a differential backup. In Multi Pass mode, TruBareMetal for Windows compares the source partition against the full backup in one pass and performs the differential backup in a second pass. This setting is not applicable when performing a full backup. This option mustbe used if the applicable full backup resides on removable media.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows uses Single Pass mode, identifying changes and backing up in one pass.

/cdws:n CDWriteSpeed=n

Use this setting to specify the maximumdisc writing speed that TruBareMetal for Windows will use when burning a CD or DVD disc and force a lower writing speed than that automatically used by the optical drive’s firmware. Slower writing speeds may increase reliability.n should be a positive integer (e.g. 2, 4, 16, etc.). The maximum writing speed that TruBareMetal for Windows actually uses is determined by whichever is lower: The /cdws:n value you specify or the speed deemed appropriate by the drive’s firmware, according to the CD/DVD media in use. For example, if you are using media that is rated at 8X for burning, the maximum writing speed will be no more than 8X, regardless of the setting you choose here. Similarly, if you supply a value that is beyond or invalid for the drive’s design limits, the drive will automatically use the next-highest speed supported by both the drive and the media in use. DVD speeds are approximately 1/8 CD speeds, so if you are using DVD discs, multiply the desired speed by 8 to determine the value to use. For example, to obtain a maximum burning speed of 2X with a DVD, use /cdws:16, since 8 × 2X = 16. Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows uses the Optimal speed setting.

/max:nMiB or /max:nGiB MaxFileSize=nMiB or MaxFileSize=nGiB

Use this setting to specify the maximum file size of the image files that TruBareMetal for Windows creates.n should be a positive integer (e.g. 648, 698, 877, 1003, etc.). TruBareMetal for Windows can use either mebibytes or gibibytes, so you must specify either MiB or GiB, respectively. Do not place any spaces between the number and the unit designation. The maximum file size is ultimately dictated by the file system used on the target drive. Also, some network redirectors limit file size to 2 GiB, which can be a limiting factor for backup files stored on a network drive. Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows uses the maximum file size supported by the target file system.

/raw RawMode=1

Set this parameter to force TruBareMetal for Windows to use raw mode, which backs up all sectors, rather than just used sectors, even for recognized file systems.NOTE: This option will cause Validate Byte-for-Byte to fail if VSS or PHYLock is used. For entire drive backups this option causes a raw sector by sector backup (and later restore) of the entire drive without regard to any partitions or adjustments. Additionally, it will not be possible to create differential backups for an entire drive image of this type. Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows backs up only used sectors backed up for recognized file systems and uses raw mode automatically for unrecognized file systems.

/skp:0 SkipPageFile=0

Set this parameter to instruct TruBareMetal for Windows to include the page file in the backup.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows skips the page file.

/skh:0 SkipHiberFile=0

Set this parameter to instruct TruBareMetal for Windows to include the hibernation file in the backup.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows skips the hibernation file.

/v PostValidate=1

Set this parameter to instruct TruBareMetal for Windows to perform a standard validation of the image file(s) as part of the backup operation.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows does not validate the backup image after creating it.

/vb PostValidate=2

Set this parameter to instruct TruBareMetal for Windows to perform a byte-for-byte validation of the image file(s) as part of the backup operation. This also performs a standard validation.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows does not validate the backup image after creating it.

/vpd ValidateDisk=1

You can use this option when saving images to a CD or DVD drive. This option ensures that the discs containing image files are readable and verifies that the data on the discs appears to be the same as the data that TruBareMetal for Windows used to create the discs. Per-disc validation can detect media errors that may have occurred during the disc writing process. If TruBareMetal for Windows detects an error, TruBareMetal for Windows will prompt you to recreate the failed disc.Default if omitted: If you do not enable this option, TruBareMetal for Windows will notify you of errors only after the backup process completes, and you will need to recreate all discs in the backup.

/ldu LimitDiscUsage=1

You can use this option when saving images to a CD or DVD drive. This option leaves the last 10% of the disc unused which tends to encounter more data errors.Default if omitted: If you do not enable this option, TruBareMetal for Windows will use the entire disc.

/comp:n Compression=n

Specifies how TruBareMetal for Windows should compress backup files as they are created, where nis one of the following values:0 – No Compression 1 – Standard Compression 2 – Enhanced – Less 7 – Enhanced – Normal 10 – Enhanced – Max Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows uses standard compression.

/enc:1 or /enc:3 Encryption=1 or Encryption=3

Specifies whether simple password protection without encryption (/enc:1), or 256-bit AES encryption (/enc:3) is to be used. If either /enc:1 or /enc:3 are specified, /pwis also required.Default if omitted: No encryption or password protection is used.

/noej NoEject=1

Use this parameter to tell TruBareMetal for Windows never to automatically open the optical drive tray.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows will automatically open the optical drive tray whenever a new disc is needed and at the completion of the backup operation.

/cdrs:n CDReadSpeed=n

Use this setting to specify the maximum disc reading speed that TruBareMetal for Windows will use when reading a CD or DVD disc during the validation phase of a backup operation, with nbeing a positive integer (e.g. 2, 4, 16, etc.). This setting may be used to force a lower reading speed than that automatically used by the optical drive’s firmware. Slower reading speeds may increase reliability.n should be a positive integer (e.g. 2, 4, 16, etc.). This setting is only applicable when you are backing up to CD/DVD media and you have also included either the /v or /vb option. The maximum reading speed that is actually used is determined by whichever is lower: The /cdrs:n value that you specify, or the speed deemed appropriate by the drive’s firmware, according to the CD/DVD media in use. For example, if you are using media that is rated at 32X (for reading), the maximum reading speed will be no more than 32X, regardless of the setting you choose here. Similarly, if you supply a value that is invalid for or beyond the drive’s design limits, the drive will automatically use the next-highest speed supported by both the drive and the media in use. DVD speeds are approximately 1/8 CD speeds, so if you are using DVD discs, multiply the desired speed by 8 to determine the value to use here. For example, to obtain a maximum reading speed of 4X with a DVD, use /cdrs:32, since 8 × 4X = 32. Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows uses the Optimal speed setting.

/iobs:n IOBS=n

Include this option to try to improve I/O performance in cases where network or USB device performance is poor. This can also help improve end-user performance of saving data files while imaging is occurring, particularly when the backup target is a slower link. Provide n as the letter A to automatically try to determine the best value, otherwise try a value such as 1, 2, or 3.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows does not use this option.

/err AllowErrors=1

Use this option to tell TruBareMetal for Windows to ignore read/write errors caused by bad sectors on the source drive during the backup operation. TruBareMetal for Windows will also ignore errors during the validation phase. This parameter does not apply to bad sectors on the targetdrive.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows will notify you concerning the error and give you the option to continue or abort.

/mf N/A

Instructs TruBareMetal for Windows to use Multiple File Setmode. Select this option to create a backup that is comprised of one image for every individual partition that you back up.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows uses Single File Set mode and creates a single image, regardless of the number of individual partitions you back up.

/desc:”my description“ N/A

Use this option to specify the descriptive text you want TruBareMetal for Windows to associate with the backup, up to 127 characters. If your descriptive text includes spaces, surround it with quotation marks: /desc:“my description”Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows doesn’t add any descriptive text.

/purge:n Purge=n

This option is used to delete image files that are n days old or older. You can think of it as the number of days to retain images. It’s only used during a command line backup and only processes the target folder of the current file specified using the /f option. Care should be taken as the purge occurs prior to the backup. As an option you can have the purge take place only after a successful backup by providing n as a negative number. E.g. /purge:-15Default if omitted: No image files are purged.

/filetpl:”filename” FileTemplate=filename

Sets the default file name offered during interactive use of the program during backup operations.Default if omitted: The program uses a name that includes the device, partitions and date.

/log:0 SaveLog=0

Disables logging.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows logs during a backup operation.

 

TruBareMetal for Windows Restore Options

In Table 5, you find the command line options that you must set to use TruBareMetal for Windows to restore a backup image.

The table shows you both the command line option and the INI file variable. In some instances, both forms of the parameter are available; in other cases, only one is available. When one form of an option isn’t available, N/A appears. To set up an INI file, place these parameters in the [Restore_Defaults] section.

Table 5: TruBareMetal for Windows Required Restore Parameters

Command Line Option INI Variable

/r N/A

Use this option to indicate that you want to restore an image file.Also required: Either /d option to restore from a full backup or /base option to restore from a differential backup and the /f option to specify image file TruBareMetal for Windows should use when restoring.

/d N/A

Use when restoring a backup to identify the target hard drive and partition. TruBareMetal for Windows will restore the image to the same hard drive number and physical location on the drive that you backed up unless you override this setting.If the target partition was a volume and no extended partition now exists at the original location, TruBareMetal for Windows will attempt to create the original extended partition. If TruBareMetal for Windows cannot create the extended partition, TruBareMetal for Windows will restore the image as a primary partition. If the target partition was originally a primary partition and an extended partition now exists at that location, TruBareMetal for Windows will restore the image as a volume. If an existing partition or volume occupies the same starting location as the partition you want to restore, TruBareMetal for Windows will display a warning message before overwriting the partition or volume. You can suppress this warning message, as described in Table 5.) /d:d@p/d:wd@p /d:?D: /d:#ntsig     dis the target hard drive numberp is the target partition or volume ID (hex or decimal notation), depending on whether you are referring to a partition or a volume. Use this parameter only if you are restoring an individual partition. You can use device modifiers as needed. When you use them, you must place them after the /d: and before the target hard drive number: w – Windows device. v – Virtual drive. ? – Drive letter follows. # – NT Disk Signature Follows (or omit signature to match on original signature).

/base N/A

When restoring from a differential backup, use this parameter to identify the full backup TruBareMetal for Windows should use. /base:x:\bkup/base:x:\mypath\bkup /base:”x:\my path\bkup” Or: /base:d@p:\bkup /base:d@p:\mypath\bkup /base:”d@p:\mypath\bkup” /base:#ntsig@p:\mypath\bkup   x:\is source drive lettermypathor mypath is path to bkup bkup is name of the full backup (omit the file extension) Or: Specify source device, partition, path, and file name: d is source hard drive number p is source partition ID (hex or decimal notation) You can use device modifiers as needed. When you use them, you must place them after the /base: and before the source hard drive number: w – Windows device o – Optical drive (when you combine this option with any of the options mentioned above, this option must come last). Whether using drive letter or device/partition, you may specify any path desired. Paths and/or file names with imbedded spaces require the use of quotes.

/f N/A

Use this option to specify the target drive letter, path, and file name for a backup file. /f:x:\filename/f:x:\mypath\filename /f:“x:\my path\file name” Or: /f:d@p:\filename /f:d@p:\mypath\filename /f:”d@p:\my path\filename” /f:#ntsig@p:\mypath\bkup x:\is target drive lettermypath or my path is path to filename filename is target file name for image Or: Specify target device, partition, path, and file name: d is target hard drive number p is target partition ID (hex or decimal notation) mypath or my path is path to filename filename is target file name for image Device modifiers may be used as needed. When used, they must be placed after the /f: and before the target hard drive number: w – Windows device o – Optical drive (when you combine this option with the option mentioned above, this option must come last). Whether using drive letter or device/partition, you may specify any path desired. Paths and/or file names with imbedded spaces require the use of quotes.

 

Table 5 describes options required to restore a backup using TruBareMetal for Windows from the command line. Table 6 lists optional restore parameters for both the command line option and the INI file variable. In some instances, both forms of the parameter are available; in other cases, only one is available. When one form of an option isn’t available, N/A appears. To set up an INI file, place these parameters in the [Restore Defaults] section, unless as noted otherwise.

Table 6: TruBareMetal for Windows Optional Restore Parameters

Command Line Option INI Variable

/o N/A

Use this option to tell TruBareMetal for Windows to overwrite the target without first prompting for confirmation.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows prompts before overwriting the target.

/clr N/A

Use this option to have TruBareMetal for Windows clear the MBR and EMBR prior to restoring an image file.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows does not clear the MBR and EMBR.

/rb:n N/A

Use this option to have TruBareMetal for Windows reboot the system after restoring an image. The value n can be 1 to reboot with all prompts, 2 to reboot with completion message, but without reboot message (error does not cancel reboot), 4 to reboot without completion message or reboot message (error cancels reboot), 8 to shutdown.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows attempts to determine if the computer needs to be rebooted after restoring and, if so, prompts you to reboot.

/fd ForceDismount=1

Use this option to force dismounting a volume (partition) that can’t be locked for restore. Using this option will invalidate all opened handles to the volume, which may result in lost data. TruBareMetal for Windows will attempt to lock the volume after forcing the dismount.Default if omitted: Normal locking without forcing a dismount occurs.

/sp:p N/A

Use this option to specify an individual partition ID to restore from a full backup. pis the source partition ID (in hex or decimal notation).Default if omitted: If you supply a backup of an entire hard drive as the source for restoring, TruBareMetal for Windows will restore all partitions contained in the backup.

/sig ReplaceNTSig=1

Use this option if you are restoring a partition that Windows had assigned a drive letter before you backed up the drive. If you use this option, TruBareMetal for Windows will restore the disk signature associated with the source partition.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows will use the disk signature already present in the MBR of the target drive, or, if none exists, TruBareMetal for Windows will create one.

/csig ChangeNTSig=1

This option only applies to full drive restores. It allows you to change the NT Signature restored to the target drive. This can be useful if you plan on having both the original and restored hard drive in the same computer at the same time; otherwise Windows may detect the duplicate signature and modify it which may (depending on the OS) prevent the restored hard drive from booting properly.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows will not change the restored disk signature.

/ohd UseOrgHDNum=1

Use this option to tell TruBareMetal for Windows to keep references to the source hard drive number intact within the partition after TruBareMetal for Windows has restored the partition to the target drive.Default if omitted: If the target drive number differs from that of the source drive, TruBareMetal for Windows will update applicable drive references residing within the restored partition to reflect the new hard drive number.

/a SetActive=1

Use this parameter to make the partition you restore active.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows does not make the restored partition active unless no other partitions are active and the restored partition is HD0.

/t WriteMBR=1

Use this parameter to have TruBareMetal for Windows install standard MBR code after completing the restore operation. Standard MBR code is the code that boots the active partition.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows does not write standard MBR code unless the MBR is empty.

/e UseSameMBREntry=1

Use this parameter to have TruBareMetal for Windows move the partition table entry of the restored partition to the same location in the master partition table as it appeared on the source drive. TruBareMetal for Windows will move the existing partition table entry to another location rather than overwriting it.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows does not move the partition table of the restored partition.

/ms:n N/A

Use this parameter to have TruBareMetal for Windows move the partition table entry of the restored partition to a given slot in the MBR. The value n is 0 to 3. This option is only applicable when restoring a single partition.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows does not move the partition table of the restored partition.

/embrid:n N/A

This parameter is used to set a specific ID value to the restored partition if an EMBR exists. The ID is only used if not already in use by another partition. To assume the same ID as a partition being overwritten use, the value zero for n.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows uses the restored partition’s original id.

/gpt N/A

Instruct TruBareMetal for Windows to create a GPT on the target drive. Note that restoring first track overrides this option. This is mainly used with the /clr option to ensure the full size of the drive that is greater than 2TiB is accessible. You can also provide an option /nomsr if the GPT to be created should not have a Microsoft Reserved Partition created on it. While TruBareMetal for Windows supports a GPT, it does not currently officially support an EFI based system.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows does not create a GPT on the drive.

/rft RFT=1

Use this parameter to have TruBareMetal for Windows restore the first track when it restores the partition.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows does not restore the first track.

/fts:n RFTS=n

Use this option to specify how many sectors of the first track of the hard drive TruBareMetal for Windows should restore. Use 0 to indicate the entire trackDefault if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows determines the number of tracks needed to restore.

/stt Scale=1

For NTFS/FAT/FAT32/EXT 2/3/4 partitions, use this parameter to tell TruBareMetal for Windows to resize each restored partition proportionally, so that each partition takes up the same relative amount of space on the target drive as it did on the source drive. Unpartitioned free space that existed on the source drive at the time of the backup will still exist at the end of the target drive after TruBareMetal for Windows completes the restore operation.This option only applies when you restore an entire hard drive; Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows does not scale each restored partition.

/x Expand=1

For NTFS/FAT/FAT32/EXT 2/3/4 partitions, when restoring to a target that is larger than the source partition, use this parameter to have TruBareMetal for Windows expand the partition after completing the restore operation.This option is equivalent to the “Scale to Fit” option for fully restoring drives. Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows will not expand the partition, and free space will remain after TruBareMetal for Windows completes the restore operation.

/kf=n KeepFree=n

Use this parameter if you also use either /x or /sttto specify the amount of space, in mebibytes (MiB), that TruBareMetal for Windows should leave free.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows will fill the entire available area.

/m FirstFit=1

Use this parameter to tell TruBareMetal for Windows to choose the target area automatically, based on the first area of available free space large enough to accommodate the partition you want to restore.Default if omitted: You must explicitly specify the target area.

/v PreValidate=1

Use this parameter to have TruBareMetal for Windows perform a standard validation on the image file(s) prior before restoring them.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows does not validate the image files before restoring them.

/vb PostValidate=2

Use this parameter to have TruBareMetal for Windows check that each byte from the source image file was restored to the drive properly.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows does not validate the restored data.

/pw:mypassword or /pw:“my password” N/A

Use this parameter to supply the password needed to decrypt a backup that you encrypted and/or password protected when you created it. If your password contains embedded spaces, place quotation marks around it.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows does not supply a password.

/noej NoEject=1

Use this parameter to tell TruBareMetal for Windows to never automatically open the optical drive tray.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows will automatically open the optical drive tray whenever a new disc is needed and when TruBareMetal for Windows finishes restoring.

/cdrs:n CDReadSpeed=n

Use this setting to specify the maximum disc reading speed that TruBareMetal for Windows will use when reading a CD or DVD disc while restoring a backup image, with nbeing a positive integer (e.g. 2, 4, 16, etc.). This setting may be used to force a lower reading speed than that automatically used by the optical drive’s firmware. Slower reading speeds may increase reliability.n should be a positive integer (e.g. 2, 4, 16, etc.). This setting is only applicable when you are restoring from CD/DVD media and you have also included the /v option. The maximum reading speed that is actually used is determined by whichever is lower: The /cdrs:n value that you specify, or the speed deemed appropriate by the drive’s firmware, according to the CD/DVD media in use. For example, if you are using media that is rated at 32X (for reading), the maximum reading speed will be no more than 32X, regardless of the setting you choose here. Similarly, if you supply a value that is invalid for or beyond the drive’s design limits, the drive will automatically use the next-highest speed supported by both the drive and the media in use. DVD speeds are approximately 1/8 CD speeds, so if you are using DVD discs, multiply the desired speed by 8 to determine the value to use here. For example, to obtain a maximum reading speed of 4X with a DVD, use /cdrs:32, since 8 × 4X = 32. Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows uses the Optimal speed setting.

/iobs IOBS=1

Include this option to try to improve I/O performance in cases where network or USB device performance is poor.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows does not use this option.

/err AllowErrors=1

Use this option to tell TruBareMetal for Windows to ignore read/write errors caused by bad sectors on the target drive during the restore operation. This parameter does not apply to bad sectors on the sourcedrive.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows will notify you concerning the error and give you the option to continue or abort.

/noosn:n N/A

This option controls how the OS is notified of partition changes. It’s useful for full drive restores where your source and target drives are the same, but you’re sure the restored partitions won’t overlap the source (which will be deleted after the restore)./noosn:1 – never send notification to OS about partition changes (a reboot must be used or corruption could occur if existing partitions existed where restored partitions are located). Most users will NOT want to use this option – it’s for very advanced users only. /noosn:2 – defer the notification until all partitions are restored. This option is safe for all to use. Default if omitted: The OS is notified of partition changes as each partition is restored.

/irlm=n N/A

Ignore restore locking mask. For example, to not care / ignore lock failures on drive G: you’d use: /irlm:64. Likewise A: would be /irlm:1, and G: and A: combined would be /irlm:65. This is an advanced option and typically used with the /ososn.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows does not ignore locking on restores.

/nlrm=n N/A

No lock restore mask. For example, to not attempt a lock on drive G: you’d use: /nlrm:64. Likewise A: would be /nlrm:1, and G: and A: combined would be /nlrm:65. This is an advanced option and typically used with the /ososn.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows attempts to lock all required drives on restores.

/ubi UpdateBootIni=1

This option only applies if a copy of boot.ini exists in the root directory of the restored partition. If enabled, this option instructs TruBareMetal for Windows to update all partition(n) references in the restored partition’s boot.ini file, to accommodate a partition layout that differs from that of the original drive. TruBareMetal for Windows will set all partition-based entries in the applicable boot.ini to point to the restored partition (but will not change file-based entries). This option has no effect when doing a full drive restore.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows does not try to update the boot.ini file.

/ubp UpdateBootPart=1

This option updates any references to the restored partition in the active boot partition on the target drive. This is useful for situations where the boot partition differs from the system partition. However, you typically wouldn’t want to use this option if you’re creating a copy of an existing partition you want to keep, unless the target drive will be independent of the original drive. For this to be useful, the active boot partition should already be on the target drive or part of the same copy or restore operation.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows does not update the active boot partition.

/wipe Wipe=1 This option will wipe (zero-out) unused sectors in the restored partition(s) or drive, depending on the type of restore performed.   When restoring single partitions or when restoring multiple partitions to a drive with existing partitions, sectors located outside of the restored partition(s) are not wiped. If a partition is resized during the restore, the wiped area for that partition is the final size of the restored partition (not the size of the source partition).   When restoring a full drive or when restoring multiple partitions to a drive with no existing partitions, the entire drive is wiped, including all gaps between any partitions. Using this option provides an easy way to wipe a drive and restore in a single operation (such as when deploying images to used systems).   Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows will not perform any wiping of unused sectors.

/mp MultiPass=1

Use this parameter to tell TruBareMetal for Windows to use Multi Pass mode when restoring a differential backup. In Multi Pass mode, TruBareMetal for Windows restores the full backup in one pass and then restores the differential backup in a second pass. This setting is not applicable when restoring a full backup. You mustuse this option if the applicable full backup resides on removable media.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows uses Single Pass mode, restoring the full backup and the differential backup in one pass.

/cds N/A

Use this parameter to tell TruBareMetal for Windows to query all available CD/DVD drives when trying to locate the appropriate source backup.Default if omitted: You must explicitly specify the CD/DVD drive that contains the source backup.

/mo N/A

Instructs TruBareMetal for Windows to display the following message immediately upon running:Press the <space bar> for the menu interface or wait for the restore to start… If you press the space bar while this message appears, TruBareMetal for Windows will switch to interactive mode and wait for you to initiate the restore operation via the menu interface. Default if omitted: The Press the <space bar>… message is not displayed and the restore operation proceeds using the command line.

/n2ka N/A

By default, TruBareMetal for Windows automatically uses 2048 alignment when you restore from the command line and the backup contains 2048 aligned partitions. Use this option to instruct TruBareMetal for Windows not to automatically override normal cylinder-based alignment.If you don’t enable this option and TruBareMetal for Windows determines that 2048 alignment is needed, then TruBareMetal for Windows enables both the Align2048 and the AlignEndHS options for the restore. Default if omitted. Alignment is automatically determined when restoring from the command line.

/aoe:n AlignOnEnd=nPlace under the [HDx] section

Use this option to instruct TruBareMetal for Windows to align restored partitions at the end of a cylinder, or when the Align2048 option is enabled, end of a 2048 sector boundary.2 – Align on end by resizing 0 – Disable align on end Default if omitted: Normal alignment (/aoe:1) is used.

/a2k Align2048=1Place under the [HDx] section

Use this option to instruct TruBareMetal for Windows to align restored partitions based on 2048 sectors.If this option is enabled then you will normally want to enable the AlignEndHS option and disable the AlignOnEnd option. Default if omitted. The alignment is based on cylinders.

/ahs AlignEndHS=1Place under the [HDx] section

Use this option to instruct TruBareMetal for Windows to force a restored partition’s ending head and sector values in the MBR to match the current geometry.Default if omitted. The actual ending head and sector values are used.

/ahst AlignHSOnTrunc=1Place under the [HDx] section

Use this option to instruct TruBareMetal for Windows to set a restored partition’s head and sector values in the MBR to match the current geometry when it is located outside the range of the current geometry.Default if omitted. The actual ending head and sector values are used.

/mg UseMBRGeo=1Place under the [HDx] section

Set this parameter to tell TruBareMetal for Windows to use the geometry based on the MBR entry of the first partition in the backup image when restoring a backup.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows uses the geometry of the target drive or the UseOrgGeo option.

/mgv UseValidMBRGeoOnly=1Place under the [HDx] section

This option is used to ensure that the geometry from the MBR on the original system is aligned to known standards before accepting it for use. It only applies when /mg (UseMBRGeo) is used.Default if omitted: This option is disabled.

/og UseOrgGeo=1Place under the [HDx] section

Set this parameter to tell TruBareMetal for Windows to use, when restoring a backup, the original geometry of the source drive based on the environment used when the backup was created.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows uses the geometry of the target drive.

/c=n c=nPlace under the [HDx] section

Use this parameter in conjunction with /h and /s to manually specify the cylinder, head, and sector values for the target drive when you restore a backup image. This parameter specifies the last cylinder, and n is a number you supply.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows uses the BIOS-reported values of the drive.

/h=n h=nPlace under the [HDx] section

Use this parameter in conjunction with /c and /s to manually specify the cylinder, head, and sector values for the target drive when you restore a backup image. This parameter specifies the last head, and n is a number you supply.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows uses the BIOS-reported values of the drive.

/s=n s=nPlace under the [HDx] section

Use this parameter in conjunction with /c and /h to manually specify the cylinder, head, and sector values for the target drive when you restore a backup image. This parameter specifies the last sector, and n is a number you supply.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows uses the BIOS-reported values of the drive.

/gc GeoCalc=nPlace under the [HDx] section

Determine how a devices’ geometry is obtained or calculated.0=Default, 1=LBA, 2=Large, 3=Normal, 4=Bit-Shift, 5=Device Bit-Shift. Default if omitted: Default method is used.

/rs:n N/A

Use this parameter to resize a partition after restoring. nis the size in MiB’s that you want to establish for the restored partition. If you try to use this parameter in conjunction with /x, the Expand option, /x overrides /rs.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows restores the partition without resizing.

/log:0 SaveLog=0

Disables logging.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows logs during a restore operation.

 

TruBareMetal for Windows Validate Options

In Table 7, you find the command line options that you must set to use TruBareMetal for Windows to validate an image.

The table shows you both the command line option and the INI file variable. In some instances, both forms of the parameter are available; in other cases, only one is available. When one form of an option isn’t available, N/A appears. To set up an INI file, place these parameters in the [Validate_Defaults] section, unless as noted otherwise.

Table 7: TruBareMetal for Windows Required Validate Parameters

Command Line Option INI Variable

/v N/A

Use this option to indicate that you want to validate an image file.Also required: /CDn or a path name, as described below, to identify the location of the backup image you want to validate.

/base N/A

Use when validating a differential backup to identify the full backup TruBareMetal for Windows should use to validate the differential backup. /base:x:\bkup/base:x:\mypath\bkup /base:”x:\my path\bkup” Or: /base:d@p:\bkup /base:d@p:\mypath\bkup /base:”d@p:\mypath\bkup” /base:#ntsig@p:\mypath\bkup   x:\is source drive lettermypathor mypath is path to bkup bkup is name of existing full backup (omit file extension) Or: Specify source device, partition, path, and file name: d is source hard drive number p is source partition ID (hex or decimal notation) You can use device modifiers as needed. When you use them, you must place them after the /base: and before the source hard drive number: w – Windows device o – Optical drive (when you combine this option with the option mentioned above, this option must come last). Whether using drive letter or device/partition, you may specify any path desired. Paths and/or file names with imbedded spaces require the use of quotes.

/f N/A

Use this option to specify the target drive letter, path, and file name for a backup file. /f:x:\filename/f:x:\mypath\filename /f:“x:\my path\file name” Or: /f:d@p:\filename /f:d@p:\mypath\filename /f:”d@p:\my path\filename” /f:#ntsig@p:\mypath\bkup x:\is target drive lettermypath or my path is path to filename filename is target file name for image Or: Specify target device, partition, path, and file name: d is target hard drive number p is target partition ID (hex or decimal notation) mypath or my path is path to filename filename is target file name for image Device modifiers may be used as needed. When used, they must be placed after the /f: and before the target hard drive number: w – Windows device o – Optical drive (when you combine this option with the option mentioned above, this option must come last). Whether using drive letter or device/partition, you may specify any path desired. Paths and/or file names with imbedded spaces require the use of quotes.

In Table 8, you find the command line parameters that you might want to use with TruBareMetal for Windows when validating an image.

The table shows you both the command line option and the INI file variable. In some instances, both forms of the parameter are available; in other cases, only one is available. When one form of an option isn’t available, N/A appears. To set up an INI file, place these parameters in the [Validate_Defaults] section, unless as noted otherwise.

Table 8: TruBareMetal for Windows Optional Validation Parameters

/noej NoEject=1

Use this parameter to tell TruBareMetal for Windows never to automatically open the optical drive tray.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows will automatically open the optical drive tray whenever a new disc is needed and at the completion of the backup operation.

/cdrs:n CDReadSpeed=n

Use this setting to specify the maximum disc reading speed that TruBareMetal for Windows will use when reading a CD or DVD disc during validation, with nbeing a positive integer (e.g. 2, 4, 16, etc.). This setting may be used to force a lower reading speed than that automatically used by the optical drive’s firmware. Slower reading speeds may increase reliability.n should be a positive integer (e.g. 2, 4, 16, etc.). This setting is only applicable when you are validating an image stored on CD/DVD media. The maximum reading speed that is actually used is determined by whichever is lower: The /cdrs:n value that you specify, or the speed deemed appropriate by the drive’s firmware, according to the CD/DVD media in use. For example, if you are using media that is rated at 32X (for reading), the maximum reading speed will be no more than 32X, regardless of the setting you choose here. Similarly, if you supply a value that is invalid for or beyond the drive’s design limits, the drive will automatically use the next-highest speed supported by both the drive and the media in use. DVD speeds are approximately 1/8 CD speeds, so if you are using DVD discs, multiply the desired speed by 8 to determine the value to use here. For example, to obtain a maximum reading speed of 4X with a DVD, use /cdrs:32, since 8 × 4X = 32. Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows uses the Optimal speed setting.

/iobs IOBS=1

Include this option to try to improve I/O performance in cases where network or USB device performance is poor.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows does not use this option.

/mp MultiPass=1

Use this parameter to tell TruBareMetal for Windows to use Multi Pass mode when validating a differential backup. In Multi Pass mode, TruBareMetal for Windows validates the full backup in one pass and the differential backup in a second pass. This setting is not applicable when validating a full backup. This option mustbe used if the applicable full backup resides on removable media.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows uses Single Pass mode, validating in one pass.

/log:0 SaveLog=0

Disables logging.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows logs during a validate operation.

TruBareMetal for Windows Copy Options

In Table 9, you find the command line options that you can set to use TruBareMetal for Windows to make a copy of a partition or drive.

The table shows you both the command line option and the INI file variable. In some instances, both forms of the parameter are available; in other cases, only one is available. When one form of an option isn’t available, N/A appears. To set up an INI file, place these parameters in the [Copy_Defaults] section.

Table 9: TruBareMetal for Windows Required Copy Parameters

Command Line Option INI Variable

/copy N/A

Use this option to indicate that you want to perform a copy.

/sd N/A

Use this option to identify the source hard drive and partition. For most users, the partition ID will be a number from 1 through 4. For partition IDs of 9 or below, you can use a single digit in place of hexadecimal notation (e.g. 1 is equivalent to 0×1, and 5 is equivalent to 0×5).The volume ID will be a number formatted as 0xPVV, where P is the extended partition and VV is the volume number in hexadecimal from 01 to FF. If you are not sure of the partition or volume ID number, run TruBareMetal for Windows using the interface, choose the Backup option, and click Next. The screen that lists the partitions and volumes also will display the ID in parentheses as a hexadecimal number. You should prefix that number with a 0x on the command line. /sd:d@p/sd:wd@p /sd:?D: /sd:#ntsig   dis the source hard drive numberp is the source partition or volume ID (hex or decimal notation), depending on whether you are referring to a partition or a volume. D: is the source drive letter. You can use device modifiers as needed. When you use them, you must place them after the /sd: and before the source hard drive number: w – Windows device. v – Virtual drive. ? – Drive letter follows. # – NT Disk Signature Follows.

/td N/A

Use this option to identify the target hard drive and partition. For most users, the partition ID will be a number from 1 through 4. For partition IDs of 9 or below, you can use a single digit in place of hexadecimal notation (e.g. 1 is equivalent to 0×1, and 5 is equivalent to 0×5).The volume ID will be a number formatted as 0xPVV, where P is the extended partition and VV is the volume number in hexadecimal from 01 to FF. If you are not sure of the partition or volume ID number, run TruBareMetal for Windows using the interface, choose the Backup option, and click Next. The screen that lists the partitions and volumes also will display the ID in parentheses as a hexadecimal number. You should prefix that number with a 0x on the command line. /td:d@p/td:wd@p /td:?D: /td:#ntsig   dis the target hard drive numberp is the target partition or volume ID (hex or decimal notation), depending on whether you are referring to a partition or a volume. D: is the target drive letter. You can use device modifiers as needed. When you use them, you must place them after the /td: and before the source hard drive number: w – Windows device. v – Virtual drive. ? – Drive letter follows. # – NT Disk Signature Follows.

The above options are required when you perform a copy using TruBareMetal for Windows from the command line. In Table 10, you find a list of the optional copy parameters you can use when you run TruBareMetal for Windows from the command line.

The table shows you both the command line option and the INI file variable. In some instances, both forms of the options are available; in other cases, only one is available. When one form of an option isn’t available, N/A appears. To set up an INI file, place these parameters in the [Copy_Defaults] section.

Table 10: TruBareMetal for Windows Optional Copy Parameters

Command Line Option INI Variable

/raw RawMode=1

Set this parameter to force TruBareMetal for Windows to use raw mode, which copies all sectors, rather than just used sectors, even for recognized file systems.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows copies only used sectors backed up for recognized file systems and uses raw mode automatically for unrecognized file systems.

/skp:0 SkipPageFile=0

Set this parameter to instruct TruBareMetal for Windows to include the page file in the copy.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows skips the page file data.

/skh:0 SkipHiberFile=0

Set this parameter to instruct TruBareMetal for Windows to include the hibernation file in the copy.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows skips the hibernation file data.

/o N/A

Use this option to tell TruBareMetal for Windows to overwrite the target without first prompting for confirmation.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows prompts before overwriting the target.

/clr N/A

Use this option to have TruBareMetal for Windows clear the MBR and EMBR prior to copying.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows does not clear the MBR and EMBR.

/rb:n N/A

Use this option to have TruBareMetal for Windows reboot the system after copying. The value n can be 1 to reboot with all prompts, 2 to reboot with completion message, but without reboot message (error does not cancel reboot), 4 to reboot without completion message or reboot message (error cancels reboot), 8 to shutdown.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows attempts to determine if the computer needs to be rebooted after copying and, if so, prompts you to reboot.

/fd ForceDismount=1

Use this option to force dismounting a volume (partition) that can’t be locked for copy. Using this option will invalidate all opened handles to the volume, which may result in lost data. TruBareMetal for Windows will attempt to lock the volume after forcing the dismount.Default if omitted: Normal locking without forcing a dismount occurs.

/sig ReplaceNTSig=1

Use this option if you are copying a partition that Windows had assigned a drive letter before you copied the drive. If you use this option, TruBareMetal for Windows will copy the disk signature associated with the source partition.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows will use the disk signature already present in the MBR of the target drive, or, if none exists, TruBareMetal for Windows will create one.

/csig ChangeNTSig=1

This option only applies to full drive copies. It allows you to change the NT Signature copied to the target drive. This can be useful if you plan on having both the original and restored hard drive in the same computer at the same time; otherwise Windows may detect the duplicate signature and modify it which may (depending on the OS) prevent the restored hard drive from booting properly.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows will not change the copied disk signature.

/ohd UseOrgHDNum=1

Use this option to tell TruBareMetal for Windows to keep references to the source hard drive number intact within the partition after TruBareMetal for Windows has restored the partition to the target drive. This option is primarily used for Linux partitions.Default if omitted: If the target drive number differs from that of the source drive, TruBareMetal for Windows will update applicable drive references residing within the restored partition to reflect the new hard drive number.

/a SetActive=1

Use this parameter to make the partition you copy active.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows does not make the copied partition active unless no other partitions are active and the target partition is on HD0.

/t WriteMBR=1

Use this parameter to have TruBareMetal for Windows install standard MBR code after completing the copy operation. Standard MBR code is the code that boots the active partition.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows does not write standard MBR code unless the MBR is empty.

/e UseSameMBREntry=1

Use this parameter to have TruBareMetal for Windows move the partition table entry of the copied partition to the same location in the master partition table as it appeared on the source drive.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows does not move the partition table of the copied partition.

/ms:n N/A

Use this parameter to have TruBareMetal for Windows move the partition table entry of the restored partition to a given slot in the MBR. The value n is 0 to 3. This option is only applicable when restoring a single partition.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows does not move the partition table of the restored partition.

/embrid:n N/A

This parameter is used to set a specific ID value to the copied partition if an EMBR exists. The ID is only used if not already in use by another partition. To assume the same ID as a partition being overwritten use, the value zero for n.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows uses the copied partitions original id.

/gpt N/A

Instruct TruBareMetal for Windows to create a GPT on the target drive. Note that restoring first track overrides this option. This is mainly used with the /clr option to ensure the full size of the drive that is greater than 2TiB is accessible. You can also provide an option /nomsr if the GPT to be created should not have a Microsoft Reserved Partition created on it. While TruBareMetal for Windows supports a GPT, it does not currently officially support an EFI based system.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows does not create a GPT on the drive.

/rft RFT=1

Use this parameter to have TruBareMetal for Windows copy the first track when it copies the partition.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows does not copy the first track.

/fts:n RFTS=n

Use this option to specify how many sectors of the first track of the hard drive TruBareMetal for Windows should copy. Use 0 to indicate the entire trackDefault if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows determines the number of tracks needed to copy.

/stt Scale=1

For NTFS/FAT/FAT32/EXT 2/3/4 partitions, use this parameter to tell TruBareMetal for Windows to resize each copied partition proportionally, so that each partition takes up the same relative amount of space on the target drive as it did on the source drive. Unpartitioned free space that existed on the source drive at the time of the backup will still exist at the end of the target drive after TruBareMetal for Windows completes the copy operation.This option only applies when you copy an entire hard drive; Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows does not scale each copied partition.

/x Expand=1

For NTFS/FAT/FAT32/EXT 2/3/4 partitions, when copying to a target that is larger than the source partition, use this parameter to have TruBareMetal for Windows expand the partition after completing the copy operation.This option is equivalent to the “Scale to Fit” option for fully copying drives. Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows will not expand the partition, and free space will remain after TruBareMetal for Windows completes the copy operation.

/kf=n KeepFree=n

Use this parameter if you also use either /x or /sttto specify the amount of space, in mebibytes (MiB), that TruBareMetal for Windows should leave free.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows will fill the entire available area.

/m FirstFit=1

Use this parameter to tell TruBareMetal for Windows to choose the target area automatically, based on the first area of available free space large enough to accommodate the partition you want to copy.Default if omitted: You must explicitly specify the target area.

/vb PostValidate=1

Use this parameter to have TruBareMetal for Windows check that each byte from the source drive was copied to the target drive properly.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows does not validate the copied data.

/err AllowErrors=1

Use this option to tell TruBareMetal for Windows to ignore read/write errors caused by bad sectors on the source or target drive during the copy operation.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows will notify you concerning the error and give you the option to continue or abort.

/noosn:n N/A

This option controls how the OS is notified of partition changes./noosn:1 – never send notification to OS about partition changes (a reboot must be used or corruption could occur if existing partitions existed where restored partitions are located). Most users will NOT want to use this option – it’s for very advanced users only. /noosn:2 – defer the notification until all partitions are copied. This option is safe for all to use. Default if omitted: The OS is notified of partition changes as each partition is copied.

/ubi UpdateBootIni=1

This option only applies if a copy of boot.ini exists in the root directory of the copied partition. If enabled, this option instructs TruBareMetal for Windows to update all partition(n) references in the restored partition’s boot.ini file, to accommodate a partition layout that differs from that of the original drive. TruBareMetal for Windows will set all partition-based entries in the applicable boot.ini to point to the copied partition (but will not change file-based entries). This option has no effect when doing a full drive copy.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows does not try to update the boot.ini file.

/wipe Wipe=1 This option will wipe (zero-out) unused sectors in the copied partition(s) or drive, depending on the type of copy performed.   When copying single partitions or when copying multiple partitions to a drive with existing partitions, sectors located outside of the copied partition(s) are not wiped. If a partition is resized during the copy, the wiped area for that partition is the final size of the copied partition (not the size of the source partition).   When copying a full drive or when copying multiple partitions to a drive with no existing partitions, the entire drive is wiped, including all gaps between any partitions. Using this option provides an easy way to wipe a drive and copy to it in a single operation.   Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows will not perform any wiping of unused sectors.

/n2ka N/A

By default, TruBareMetal for Windows automatically uses 2048 alignment when you restore from the command line and the backup contains 2048 aligned partitions. Use this option to instruct TruBareMetal for Windows not to automatically override normal cylinder-based alignment.If you don’t enable this option and TruBareMetal for Windows determines that 2048 alignment is needed, then TruBareMetal for Windows enables both the Align2048 and the AlignEndHS options for the restore. Default if omitted. Alignment is automatically determined when restoring from the command line.

/aoe:n AlignOnEnd=nPlace under the [HDx] section

Use this option to instruct TruBareMetal for Windows to align copied partitions at the end of a cylinder, or when the Align2048 option is enabled, end of a 2048 sector boundary.2 – Align on end by resizing 0 – Disable align on end Default if omitted: Normal alignment (/aoe:1) is used.

/a2k Align2048=1Place under the [HDx] section

Use this option to instruct TruBareMetal for Windows to align copied partitions based on 2048 sectors.If this option is enabled then you will normally want to enable the AlignEndHS option and disable the AlignOnEnd option. Default if omitted. The alignment is based on cylinders.

/ahs AlignEndHS=1Place under the [HDx] section

Use this option to instruct TruBareMetal for Windows to force a copied partition’s ending head and sector values in the MBR to match the current geometry.Default if omitted. The actual ending head and sector values are used.

/ahst AlignHSOnTrunc=1Place under the [HDx] section

Use this option to instruct TruBareMetal for Windows to set a copied partition’s head and sector values in the MBR to match the current geometry when it is located outside the range of the current geometry.Default if omitted. The actual ending head and sector values are used.

/mg UseMBRGeo=1Place under the [HDx] section

Set this parameter to tell TruBareMetal for Windows to use the geometry based on the MBR entry of the first partition on the source drive.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows uses the geometry of the target drive or the UseOrgGeo option.

/og UseOrgGeo=1Place under the [HDx] section

Set this parameter to tell TruBareMetal for Windows to use the original geometry of the source drive based on the environment being used to copy.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows uses the geometry of the target drive.

/c=n c=nPlace under the [HDx] section

Use this parameter in conjunction with /h and /s to manually specify the cylinder, head, and sector values for the target drive when you copy. This parameter specifies the last cylinder, and n is a number you supply.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows uses the BIOS-reported values of the drive.

/h=n h=nPlace under the [HDx] section

Use this parameter in conjunction with /c and /s to manually specify the cylinder, head, and sector values for the target drive when you copy. This parameter specifies the last head, and n is a number you supply.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows uses the BIOS-reported values of the drive.

/s=n s=nPlace under the [HDx] section

Use this parameter in conjunction with /c and /h to manually specify the cylinder, head, and sector values for the target drive when you copy. This parameter specifies the last sector, and n is a number you supply.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows uses the BIOS-reported values of the drive.

/rs:n N/A

Use this parameter to resize a partition after copy. nis the size in MiB’s that you want to establish for the copied partition. If you try to use this parameter in conjunction with /x, the Expand option, /x overrides /rs.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows copies the partition without resizing.

/log:0 SaveLog=0

Disables logging.Default if omitted: TruBareMetal for Windows logs during a copy operation.

 

 

TruBareMetal for Windows List Options

Table 11 lists the List parameters you can use when you run TruBareMetal for Windows from the command line. There are no INI file variable equivalents for these parameters – they are only valid on the command line.

Table 11: TruBareMetal for Windows List Parameters

Command Line Option INI Variable

/L N/A

Use this option to indicate that you want to list the drives and partitions on the system or those contained in a backup image file.Output must be redirected to a file for viewing when using TruBareMetal for Windows (bpimage.exe). Output can be redirected or viewed onscreen when using TruBareMetal for Windows (Console) (bpimagec.exe). Example 1: bpimage /l /d:0 > output.txt In this example, /d:0 identifies hard drive 0 as the drive for which you want to list partitions and > output.txt indicates the file where TruBareMetal for Windows will write the list of partitions.

/d:n N/A

Specifies the drive for which you want to list the partitions, where n= the drive number.Default if omitted: All drives and partitions are listed.

/opt N/A

List optical drives. Includes drive number and name. Hard drives will not be listed.Default if omitted: Optical drives are not listed.

/fs N/A

Include “free space” available for each partition in listing. This option has no affect when used with /all or /f.Default if omitted: The amount of “free space” is not listed.

/all N/A

Specify to produce a more detailed report. In addition to the basic information, it includes: Hard drive BIOS Device number, number of Sectors, Sector Size, and CHS values. Partition Start LBA, End LBA, FS ID, PE Flag, Free Sectors, Used Sectors, Last Used Sector, MBR Entry number, MBR End CHS, and MBR Flag. Additional “Data Info” is listed when used with /f. Default if omitted: Only the basic information is listed.

/f N/A

List backup image drive and partition information from the specified backup image file. Use with /allto obtain more details. It is not necessary to include the .TBI extension with the file name. The image file description is listed if one exists.When /all is not specified, no drive information is displayed and the partition information is limited to the name, size, file system, and ID. Example: bpimage /l /all /f:”e:\backups\my backup” > output.txt In this example, detailed drive and partition information from the backup image file e:\backups\my backup.VHD or VMDK will be saved in output.txt. Default if omitted: Physical drives and partitions are listed.

 

 

Appendix A: Understanding the Types of Backups

Many software packages create file-based backups, while TruBareMetal for Windows creates a Image-based backup. This section describes both types of backups and their differences.

File-Based Backup

When you create a file-based backup, you copy files from one storage location to another using a third-party software package, the built in Microsoft backup utility or by dragging-and-dropping files and/or folders using Windows Explorer.

Creating a file-based backup is simple, and you can backup or restore only certain files or folders. But, a file-based backup it has drawbacks. For example, files that are in use may not be backed up. And, restoring a file-based backup can be tricky:

Files in use cannot be restored.

If the required operating system environment and software is not installed and accessible, you will first need to install it before you can restore any data.

Image-Based Backup

A Image-based backup, also called imaging, differs from file-based backup because imaging operates on the entire partition, including all files and the operating system itself. This is the method of backup employed by TruBareMetal for Windows.

When you create a Image-based image as your backup, you back up not only your data files but also the operating system, in its entirety. If you restore a Image-based backup, your computer returns to the state it was in when you created the image. TruBareMetal for Windows places all information on the target drive in the exact location where it appeared when you created the image.

In addition, you can:

* Restore a Image-based backup even if the operating system isn’t accessible—effectively performing a bare-metal restoration.

* Restore individual files, if you want, using the VHD and VMDK add-ons.

Appendix B: Backup Strategies

Whether you create file-based backups or Image-based backups, you can choose between three different backup methods:

* Full Backups

* Incremental Backups

* Differential Backups

In this section, you will find information that explains each of these backup methods. The backup method you choose actually affects you most when you need to restore the backup; some backups are easier to restore than others.

In addition to understanding backup methods, it’s also important to store your backup media in a safe, secure location. We strongly recommend that you store your backup media in a different physical location than your computer and that you place your backup media in a fire-proof safe designed for media. By storing your backup media offsite, you don’t run the risk of losing both your computer and your backups in the event of fire or theft. By storing your backups in a fire-proof safe designed for media, your backups will be protected if a fire occurs at the location where you store your backups.

Note: Be sure to use a fire-proof safe designed for media because, while paper doesn’t burn until 451 degrees Fahrenheit, media will melt. Computer media may be damaged at temperatures above 125 degrees Fahrenheit and 80% humidity.

Full Backups

A full backup, as the name implies, involves backing up all specified data.

How Often Should I Back Up?

We hear this question a lot, and there is no right answer. Instead, there is the answer that works best for you. To figure out how often to back up, ask yourself, “How much data am I willing to re-enter?” because, once you restore your latest backup, you will need to re-enter all information since you made that backup. Many people do not want to re-enter any information, so they back up daily. Others feel their computer usage is such that they are willing to back up once each week and re-enter up to seven days worth of data. Decide how much data you are willing to re-enter and set your backup schedule accordingly.

Incremental Backups

Note: Although you cannot make an incremental backup using TruBareMetal for Windows, we include information on incremental backups so that you can understand how they work.

Incremental backups include only data that has changed since the most recent backup was performed—whether the most recent backup was a full backup or a previous incremental backup. To use this backup method, you perform a full backup at an interval of your choice—say every two weeks. In between full backups, you perform incremental backups. If you need to restore your entire system, you need to restore the latest full backup followed by each of the incremental backups you performed since that full backup (unless the backup program being used supports a complete restore in one restore procedure).

For example, suppose that you are relying on file-based backups, and you perform a full backup that includes FILE1, FILE2, and FILE3. Then, you change FILE2, and you perform an incremental backup. This incremental backup will include only the data of FILE2, since you did not change the other files in the most recent full backup. Then, if you change FILE3 and add FILE4 and make another incremental backup, the latest incremental backup will include only data from FILE3 and FILE4.

If you are relying on Image-based backups, you perform a full backup at an interval of your choice and, in between, you perform incremental backups. But, an incremental Image-based backup is not based on files that have been added or changed. Instead, an incremental Image-based backup looks for and includes newly allocated sectors and changes to the contents of any sector since the last backup. Suppose that you move a file without changing its contents. In a Image-based backup, the sector reallocation caused by moving the file is a change that will be included in the next incremental backup, even though you didn’t change the file itself.

Note: Although defragmenting the file system does not change file content, it can lead to many Image-level changes, because defragmenting files moves them from one disk location to another.

Incremental backups are hard to properly manage and tend to be troublesome during disaster recovery. It is not uncommon to discover, while trying to recover from a disaster, that an incremental backup is either lost or damaged, making all subsequent incremental backups worthless. In addition, if you accidentally restore incremental backups in the wrong order, the problems you experience may not manifest themselves until some future date, at which point recovery can become almost impossible.

Differential Backups

Differential backups include only data that has changed since the most recent full backup was performed. To use this method, you make a full backup at an interval of your choice. In between full backups, you perform differential backups, which include all data that has changed since the last full backup. If you need to restore your entire system, you need to restore the latest full backup followed by the latest differential backup (unless the backup program being used supports a complete restore in one restore procedure). Unlike incremental backups, which rely on every other incremental backup in the chain, a differential backup relies only on the full backup.

For example, suppose that you are relying on file-based backups and you perform a full backup that includes FILE1, FILE2, and FILE3. Then, you change FILE2, and you perform a differential backup. This differential backup will include only the data of FILE2, since the other files in the most recent full backup have not changed. If you then change FILE3 and perform another differential backup, this differential backup will include data from both FILE2 and FILE3.

A differential Image-based backup includes any sector that has changed or been allocated since you created the last full backup.

Differential backups are easy to manage during disaster recovery because you need to restore only the last full backup followed by the last differential backup (some programs will restore both the full and differential backup in one restore procedure). You don’t run as much risk of discovering that a backup is damaged or missing, and since you only need to restore two backups (at most), you are not as likely to restore them in the wrong order.

By its nature, the size of a differential backup grows over time. If you wait long enough between full backups, your differential backup could become almost as large as a full backup, and take almost as much time to create.

Appendix C: Introduction to Hard Drive Storage

All modern (circa 2007) personal computers make use of at least one partitioned hard drive. Knowing at least the basics of how hard drive partitioning and file systems work can help you understand how to work with BluPointe DRS LLC imaging products. The information about physical hard drives that follows is intended to be a broad overview to provide you with a general understanding of the hard drive.

The Physical Hard Drive

Hard drives contain several round, thin, rigid disks called platters. The rigidity of these platters serves as the basis for the terms “hard disk” and “hard drive“. In the center of each platter is a hole by which the platter is mounted to a spindle. The platters rotate around this spindle at high speed (typically 5,400 to 10,000 rotations per minute, or RPM).

Internal view of a hard drive in operation. The arm appears blurred due to its rapid movement.

 

Photo courtesy of Michael Blessenohl

The Logical Hard Drive—Hard Drive Data Organization

Data is organized on the platters of hard drives in the form of tracks and sectors, which are established during manufacturing. The tracks, which exist on each side of each platter, are concentric circles. Sectors are defined by radial lines that go from the center point of the platter to the outer edge.

When you set up a hard drive, you can create logical partitions. A logical partition is simply a conceptual division on the hard disk. You can use different file systems in different partitions, and many users partition hard disks so that they can store different operating systems or segregate data on the same hard drive. If you set up different partitions so that you can use different operating and file systems, you can use BluPointe’s Bare Metal to select the operating system in which you want to work each time you boot your computer.

Formatting is the process that prepares a partition on the hard disk to accept data by creating an empty file system that is organized into clusters. A cluster, a logical grouping of contiguous sectors, is the smallest logical unit of storage that you can allocate to hold a file’s data.

Figures 1 through 3 depict the layout of files within clusters on a hypothetical partition. In each figure shown, 44 clusters contain data. In Figure 1, the last cluster in use (that is, the one closest to the bottom/right) is at the very end of the partition.

Figure 1

The location of this last cluster at the time that you create an image determines the minimum amount of free space that must be available on the hard drive to which you intend to restore—called the target drive.

Note: If you are restoring a partition with an image created using raw mode, or if the partition uses an unrecognized file system, the target drive needs to be equal to the full size of the source partition, regardless of cluster allocation.

Figure 2 shows the same number of clusters in use, but the last cluster in use is located in the fifth row, rather than at the very end of the partition:

Figure 2

Although Figure 1 and Figure 2 depict the exact same number of used clusters, the location of the last used cluster in Figure 2 allows you to restore an image of that partition to a much smaller target because, when an image is restored, each cluster is placed in a location on the target that is identical, relatively speaking, to its original location on the drive you imaged—called the source drive.

Note: You can use the Compact feature of the BluPointe DRS LLC imaging programs to reduce the size required when restoring or copying.

Figure 3 shows the same number of clusters in use, but the clusters are arranged optimally, with no unused clusters interspersed.

Figure 3

Although the used cluster arrangement of Figure 3 might be most ideal, you generally can’t easily arrange clusters in this way.

Appendix E: Restoring to a Smaller Drive or Partition

Despite ever increasing hard drive sizes, many users find themselves in situations requiring them to move to a smaller drive. The difficulty level of this process depends on a number of factors, including the method used and the details of the particular configuration. This appendix presents several methods to accomplish this task and, hopefully, provide a trouble-free transition.

 

Typical reasons to move to a smaller drive or partition include:

 

• Moving the OS partition to a faster drive (e.g. going from a 1TB hard drive to a 256GB SSD drive)
• Segregating the OS from data (e.g. splitting a single 950GB partition into a 100GB OS partition and a 850GB data partition).
• Splitting a RAID 0 setup into single drives
• Migrating to a new physical system or to or from a virtual system
• Emergency recovery using parts on hand
• Testing recovery scenarios

 

Procedure Summary

 

The basic steps are as follows:

 

1. Determine the minimum space required to restore the partition(s)

 

If the source partition contains more data than can fit on the new smaller partition it will be necessary to delete files or move files to a different drive.

 

When moving an entire drive to a smaller drive, you will need to check space requirements for each partition on the source drive.

 

1. Check the file system for errors

 

Run chkdsk /f on the source partition(s) to check for file system errors. Errors can cause compacting and resizing to fail. Note: You may want to run MEMTEST86 before chkdsk if RAM integrity is unknown.

 

1. Compact or resize the partition(s)

 

Use the compact feature in the imaging programs to reduce the minimum required size or use to resize the source partition smaller. In either case, use a size less than that of the new smaller partition.

 

When moving an entire drive to a smaller drive, you may need to compact or resize multiple source partitions.

 

1. Create a backup image of the drive or partition

 

Once the source partition or drive is ready (files moved, partitions compacted, file systems checked, etc.), create a backup image.

 

1. Restore the image to the new location

 

When restoring, specify the desired new smaller size. Or, if restoring a drive image, use one of the scale options (e.g. Scale to Fit).

 

If you are planning on copying the source partition(s) to the smaller drive you can skip Step 4 and perform the copy instead of Step 5.

 

For more specific details on restoring to a smaller drive or partition as well as several example scenarios, please continue reading.

 

Preparing for the Move

Depending upon the specifics of the move and which method will be used, it’s possible extensive changes will be made to the existing data – file systems resized or compacted, data deleted, programs uninstalled, file systems repaired, and so on. It is recommended to create a backup image of the drive before proceeding if data safety or the ability to return to the present state is important to you.

 

As an example, you may be moving from a 500GB Windows drive to a 128GB SSD. You plan to delete many gigabytes of files you won’t need and uninstall several large programs. However, you would also like to preserve the data on the 500GB drive. One way to do this is to create a backup image of the drive and then make the desired changes. A new backup image can then be created and restored to the SSD (or the drive could be copied). Once the SSD is ready for use, the original drive image can be restored to the 500GB source drive, returning it to its original state.

 

Understanding Partition Data Organization

 

When you set up a hard drive, you can create logical partitions. A logical partition is simply a conceptual division on the hard drive. You can use different file systems in different partitions, and many users partition hard drives so that they can store different operating systems or segregate data on the same hard drive.

 

Formatting is the process that prepares a partition on the hard drive to accept data by creating an empty file system that is organized into clusters. A cluster, a logical grouping of contiguous sectors, is the smallest logical unit of storage that you can allocate to hold a file’s data.

 

Table A depicts the layout of files within clusters on a hypothetical partition. 44 clusters contain data, with the last cluster in use (the cluster closest to the end of the partition) being located 75% into the partition.

 

Glossary

Hard Drive (HD, HDD)

A high-capacity, non-volatile, data storage device. Hard drives are typically installed inside a computer. In addition, they are used in many external devices, connected via USB, eSATA, etc.

Partition

A unique area of a hard drive that is allocated for use by a file system. A hard drive can contain many partitions.

File System

An organized structure that allows data to be stored and accessed by a filename. You can basically think of it as the filing system used by the operating system to store and retrieve your data. On a hard drive, the file system almost always resides in a partition.

Volume

Generally, a volume is considered to be any file system or device that is used to hold data, but, when using TruBareMetal for Windows, it also represents a specific partition that resides in an extended partition.

Extended Partition

A special type of partition that is divided in to one or more partitions called volumes.

Drive Letter

A single letter that represents a file system in Microsoft operating systems. Since a file system on a hard drive is almost always in a partition or volume, it also represents a partition or volume.

Logical Drive

A term used in Microsoft operating systems to describe the specific drive letters that point to volumes. In practical terms, it is the same thing as a drive letter.

Source

When backing up, “source” refers to the hard drive that you want to back up. When restoring, “source” refers to the location on a storage medium that contains a backup you want to restore.

Target

When backing up, “target” refers to the location on a storage medium (usually CD/DVD discs, a hard drive partition, or an external hard drive) where you want to store a backup. When restoring, “target” refers to the location on a hard drive where you want to restore a backup you previously created. A restore target can either be an area of free space or a partition. In the latter case, the partition—and any information it contains—will be deleted immediately prior to the restore.

What is Shareware?

Shareware distribution provides users with the opportunity to try software before buying it. If you try a Shareware program and continue using it, you are expected to register it. Individual programs differ on details; some request registration, others require it, and some specify a maximum trial period. When you register the software, you may receive anything from the right to continue using the software to an updated program with printed manual.

Shareware is a distribution method, not a type of software. Because you can try shareware before you buy, you can easily determine if a particular piece of software will fill your needs. Also, because the overhead is low, prices are low. Shareware has the ultimate money-back guarantee—if you don’t use the product, you don’t pay for it.

BluPointe DRS LLC (Trial-Use) License Agreement

If you are using the software for evaluation or trial purposes then this license applies to you:

PLEASE READ THIS LICENSE AGREEMENT CAREFULLY

By using, copying, transmitting, distributing or installing all or any part of the BluPointe trial version computer software and documentation accompanying this License Agreement (the “Evaluation Software”), you agree to all of the terms and conditions of this License Agreement.

Please read the license terms and conditions below. If you do not agree to all of the terms and conditions, then do not use, copy, transmit, distribute, or install the trial version computer software and documentation accompanying this license Agreement.

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(e) NON-ASSIGNMENT. You may not assign this License without the prior written consent of BluPointe, except as part of a sale of all or substantially all of the assets of your business.

(f) NO THIRD PARTY BENEFICIARIES. There are no third party beneficiaries of any promises, obligations or representations made by BluPointe herein.

(g) HEIRS AND ASSIGNS. This Agreement shall be binding on and shall inure to the benefit of the heirs, executors, administrators, successors and assigns of the parties hereto, but nothing in this paragraph shall be construed as a consent by BluPointe to any assignment of this agreement except as provided hereinabove.

(h) SURVIVAL. The provisions of paragraphs 1(a)(iv), 1(c)(ii) and 3 of this Agreement shall survive any termination or expiration of this Agreement.

BluPointe DRS LLC (Full-Use) License Agreement

(Revised April 1, 2011)

 

PLEASE READ THIS LICENSE AGREEMENT CAREFULLY BEFORE UPGRADING, COPYING, INSTALLING OR USING THE ACCOMPANYING SOFTWARE PROGRAM (the “Software”).

THIS AGREEMENT SETS FORTH THE STANDARD FULL-USE LICENSE FOR USE OF THE SOFTWARE ON YOUR COMPUTER SYSTEM. IN ORDER TO USE THE SOFTWARE UNDER THIS FULL-USE LICENSE, YOU MUST PURCHASE, OR HAVE PURCHASED, EITHER:

1. ONE OR MORE COPIES OF THE SOFTWARE WITH FULL-USE LICENSE RIGHTS, FROM BLUPOINTE OR A BLUPOINTE-AUTHORIZED LICENSING AGENT, OR
2. FULL-USE LICENSE RIGHTS FROM BLUPOINTE OR A BLUPOINTE-AUTHORIZED LICENSING AGENT FOR ONE OR MORE TIME-LIMITED “EVALUATION VERSION” COPIES OF THE SOFTWARE ALREADY IN YOUR POSSESSION.

THERE MAY BE AN ACTIVATION PROCESS DESCRIBED IN THE SOFTWARE, PURCHASE RECEIPT OR IN BLUPOINTE DOCUMENTATION THAT MUST BE FOLLOWED OR YOUR USE OF THE SOFTWARE MAY BE LIMITED OR PREVENTED.

If you do not agree to all of the terms and conditions of this License Agreement as set forth below, then: (a) do not install, upgrade, copy or use the Software, (b) if you received any registration codes or serial numbers, do not copy, use, retain or disclose any of those registration codes or serial numbers, and (c) if you purchased packaged copies of the Software with full-use rights, you may return the complete package, unused, to your place of purchase within fifteen (15) days after purchase for a refund. The exercise of any or all of the rights set forth below constitutes acceptance of all of the terms and conditions of the Agreement. Where you have received a signed Agreement directly from BluPointe, any discrepancy between that signed Agreement and an unsigned Agreement shall be controlled by the signed Agreement.

As further set forth below, BluPointe Inc., dba BluPointe DRS LLC (“BluPointe”) and/or its suppliers own the Software and its documentation, which are protected under applicable copyright, trade secrets, and other laws. The Software is licensed, not sold. Your rights and license to use the Software and the documentation are limited to the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement.

1. LICENSE:
   1. YOU MAY:

1. 1. 1. (Single Copy License)if you paid for a single copy license, use the Software on a single computer that you or your organization owns or controls (“Computer System”), as further described in 1(c) below;
      2. (Multiple Copy License) if you paid for a multiple copy license, make and use the number of Software copies for which you paid, provided that you may only use each copy of the Software as described in (i) above;
      3. (Transfer of Installation) physically transfer any installed, licensed copy of the Software from one Computer System (the “Old System”) to another Computer System (the “New System”), provided that that copy may be installed on only one Computer System at a time, and further provided that when you make the transfer, you must uninstall and remove any and all copies of the Software from the Computer System from which the programs are transferred. Where uninstalling from the Old System is impossible due to such Old System being damaged or otherwise non­-functional, the requirement for such uninstall and removal shall be waived unless and until such Old System becomes functional. Such transfer shall be permitted (a) when the New System is a replacement for the Old System, or (b) with written approval from BluPointe. Unless otherwise authorized by BluPointe, in writing, each licensed copy of the Software shall be licensed for one and only one Computer System. Such shall be the case whether or not the Software is installed on a disk drive permanently attached to the Computer System for which the Software may be licensed. Specifically, installation upon portable media including without limitation flash drives and CDs shall not circumvent the requirement of maintaining a license for the Software on each Computer System on which the Software may be used, although it is permissible for Software installed upon a portable drive or other drive accessible from multiple Computer Systems to be executed upon more than one such system, provided that licenses are maintained for each Computer System on which such Software may be executed;
      4. (Backup Copy) make a copy of each licensed copy of the Software solely for purposes of backup;
      5. (Images) create and keep “per computer” Images, as described in paragraph 1(e)(i) below, if the Software product, as licensed, provides imaging functionality; and
      6. (Image Deployment) if you paid for additional “Image Deployment” license rights, create and distribute additional Images as described in paragraph 1(e)(ii) below.

PROVIDED IN ALL CASES THAT all copyright and other proprietary and Federal acquisition notices, as included by BluPointe with the Software, be fully and accurately reproduced by you on any and all copies of the Software.

1. 1. YOU MAY NOT: (i) permit others to use the Software unless they are properly licensed by BluPointe, either under this Agreement or another agreement from BluPointe, nor install or use the Software on any computer or computer-related device except Computer Systems as authorized in (a) above; (ii) under a single use license, install a copy of the Software on one Computer System and also use it on one or more other Computer Systems (no less than a two (2) copy license would be required for such use); (iii) permit concurrent use of any copy of the Software; (iv) modify, translate, reverse engineer, decompile, disassemble, or create derivative works based on, the Software; (v) copy the Software except as expressly permitted above; (vi) rent, lease, grant a security interest in, or otherwise transfer rights to, or possession of, the Software or any copy thereof, unless properly licensed by BluPointe, under another agreement that specifically permits such action; (vii) remove or alter any proprietary notices, labels or legends on any copy of the Software; (viii) ship or transmit (directly or indirectly) any copies of the Software or their media, or any direct product thereof, to any country or destination prohibited by the United States Government; or (ix) disclose serial numbers or registration codes to others, unless they are properly licensed to receive such information, either under this Agreement or another agreement from BluPointe.
   2. PERMITTED END USERS AND COMPUTER SYSTEMS.
      1. Commercial or Organizational Use. If you are a corporation, LLC, or other commercial entity, whether public or private, for profit or not-for-profit, or a government entity, or if the Software is ever used for purposes related to any such commercial or government entity, the permitted Software end users and Computer Systems under this license are, as applicable:
         1. Your own employees and in-house contractors, and your in-house Computer Systems owned or controlled by you,
         2. A parent organization that has majority ownership or control of your organization (if any), its employees and in-house contractors, and that organization’s in-house Computer Systems owned or controlled by that organization,
         3. Your subsidiary organization or organizations (if any), those organizations’ employees and in-house contractors, and those organization’s in-house Computer Systems owned or controlled by those organizations, and
         4. Your affiliated organizations (if any; “affiliated organization” means any organization which is under majority control or ownership by the same parent that majority owns or majority controls you), those organizations’ employees and in-house contractors, and those organization’s in-house Computer Systems owned or controlled by those organizations.
      2. Personal or Home Users. If you are a real person, and if all Software under this license is used exclusively for personal non-commercial use only, then each licensed copy may be installed on two additional Computer Systems owned or controlled by you, or a member of your immediate family.

“Control”: For purposes of this Agreement, a person or entity “controls” a Computer System when he, she or it has actual control over the day-to-day use of that Computer System.

1. 1. RESERVATION OF RIGHTS. All rights and licenses not expressly granted by BluPointe in this Agreement are entirely and exclusively reserved to BluPointe.
   2. IMAGE LICENSES.If the Software’s functionality, as licensed, includes the ability to create one or more disk partition images or otherwise copy one or more partitions (“Images”) then the use of each Image is subject to all of the conditions and restrictions of this Agreement.Your rights to create and distribute Images are based on the Software licensed and the type of license you purchased (as may be indicated on your sales receipt or comparable sales documentation received by you from BluPointe): 

(i) “PER COMPUTER” IMAGE LICENSE: Each licensed copy of the Software includes, without extra charge, a “per computer” license to create and keep Images for the same Computer System(s) on which you are licensed to use the Software itself; those Images may not be distributed to, or used in any manner with, any other computers (except for direct replacements for such systems as provided in subsection 1(a)(iii) above), nor may you create or retain images for additional Computer Systems unless the previously created images are destroyed, or you purchased additional licenses to cover such Computer Systems. You may create and keep an unlimited number of Images for each licensed Computer System. For example, if you purchased a license for five (5) copies of the Software, then you may create and keep an unlimited number of Images for up to five Computer Systems with which you properly use those 5 Software copies as described in 1(a)(i) and 1(a)(ii) above, but you may not distribute those Images to, or use them with, any other Computer System.

(ii) “IMAGE DEPLOYMENT” LICENSE. If, in addition to the standard Software license, you purchased an “Image Deployment” license (as indicated on your sales receipt from BluPointe), then: (A) you may make an unlimited number of Images on any Computer System on which you may use the Software under this license, and (B) you may deploy each Image to other Computer Systems, referred to as “deployment computers,” each such deployment computer having been provided an Image Deployment license. Image Deployment licenses remain allocated to such deployment computers until and unless such deployment computer is taken out of service and replaced. In such case, said Image Deployment license may be transferred to such replacement system subject to limitations as provided in subsection 1(a)(iii) above. For the right to distribute Images to additional computers, you will need to purchase additional Image Deployment License rights from BluPointe. Images deployed as described herein may only be restored or referenced on Computer Systems having been licensed with at least an Image Deployment license, and once restored, may not be moved to any Computer System not so licensed without prior authorization from BluPointe.

1. 1. PARTITION MANAGEMENT LICENSING. If the Software’s functionality, as licensed,includes the ability to create, resize, slide or otherwise manage partitions on a hard drive, or otherwise to control or repair system boot parameters, then the use of each such reparation or partition management change is likewise subject to all of the conditions and restrictions of this Agreement, including without limitation, restriction of use of such reparation or partition management change to Computer Systems licensed hereunder.

1. TERM AND TERMINATION: This Agreement, and your license rights hereunder, remain effective until this Agreement is terminated.
   1. Termination by You. You may terminate it at any time by destroying the distribution media together with all of your copies of the Software in any form.
   2. Termination for Breach. This Agreement may be terminated by BluPointe upon notice, at its sole discretion, if you fail to completely remedy any breach by you of any term or condition herein within ten (10) days after notice of such breach is delivered by BluPointe to you,
   3. Automatic Termination. This Agreement will automatically terminate without notice if your normal business operations are disrupted or discontinued for more than thirty days by reason of insolvency, bankruptcy, receivership, or business termination. Upon termination of this Agreement, you must destroy all copies of the Software in any form. 
2. OWNERSHIP AND CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION: BluPointe or its licensors own the Software under copyright, trade secret and all other laws that may apply. All product names, designs, and logos associated with the Software are trademarks of BluPointe. The source code of the Software and all information regarding the design, structure or internal operation of the Software are valuable trade secrets of BluPointe or third parties with which BluPointe has licensing arrangements (“Confidential Information”), provided however, that “Confidential Information” shall not include information which otherwise would be Confidential Information to the extent that such information was publicly known or otherwise known to you previously to the time of disclosure, which subsequently became known through no act or omission by you, or which otherwise became known to you other than through disclosure by BluPointe without violation of any party’s obligations to BluPointe. You shall not sell, transfer, publish, disclose, display or otherwise permit access to any Confidential Information by any third party, nor may you use any of the Confidential Information, except strictly as part of the Software in the form originally distributed by BluPointe.
3. LIMITED WARRANTY: BluPointe DRS LLC warrants that for a period of thirty (30) days from the date of purchase, the Software will perform in conformity with the user documentation supplied by BluPointe, provided that your EXCLUSIVE REMEDY under this warranty shall be to return the Software to BluPointe in exchange for repair, replacement, or a full refund of your purchase price (at BluPointe’s option) within forty-five (45) days after the date of purchase. In addition, the above warranty does not apply to the extent that any failure of the Software to perform as warranted is caused by the Software being (a) not used in accordance with the user documentation, or (b) modified by any person other than authorized BluPointe personnel. EXCEPT FOR THE EXPRESS WARRANTY GRANTED IMMEDIATELY ABOVE, BLUPOINTE MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, WITH RESPECT TO THE SOFTWARE, ITS MERCHANTABILITY, OR ITS FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE. YOU ACKNOWLEDGE AND AGREE THAT YOU HAD FULL OPPORTUNITY TO USE AND TEST THE SOFTWARE BEFORE PURCHASE. BLUPOINTE DOES NOT WARRANT THAT THE SOFTWARE WILL MEET YOUR REQUIREMENTS OR THAT THE OPERATION OF THE SOFTWARE WILL BE UNINTERRUPTED OR ERROR FREE. YOU ASSUME FULL RESPONSIBILITY FOR SELECTING AND USING THE SOFTWARE, AND THAT IF YOU USE THE SOFTWARE IMPROPERLY OR AGAINST INSTRUCTIONS, YOU CAN CAUSE DAMAGE TO YOUR FILES, SOFTWARE, DATA OR BUSINESS. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE SOFTWARE IS BORNE BY YOU. THIS DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY CONSTITUTES AN ESSENTIAL PART OF THE AGREEMENT. Some jurisdictions do not allow exclusions of an implied warranty, so this disclaimer may not apply to you and you may have other legal rights that vary by jurisdiction.
4. LIMITATION OF LIABILITY. ANY LIABILITY OF BLUPOINTE WILL BE LIMITED EXCLUSIVELY TO PRODUCT REPLACEMENT OR REFUND OF PURCHASE PRICE. IN ADDITION, IN NO EVENT WILL BLUPOINTE, NOR ANY OTHER PERSON OR ENTITY INVOLVED IN THE CREATION, PRODUCTION, OR DELIVERY OF THE SOFTWARE, BE LIABLE FOR INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, CONSEQUENTIAL OR PUNITIVE DAMAGES WHATSOEVER, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION LOSS OF INCOME, USE OR INFORMATION, RELATING EITHER TO THE USE OF THE SOFTWARE, OR YOUR RELATIONSHIP WITH BLUPOINTE, EVEN IF BLUPOINTE HAS BEEN ADVISED IN ADVANCE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES OR CLAIMS. Any suit or other legal action relating in any way to this Agreement or to the Software must be filed or commenced no later than one (1) year after it accrues. You may also have other rights which vary from state to state.
5. HIGH RISK ACTIVITIES. The Software is not fault-tolerant and is not designed, manufactured or intended for use on equipment or software running in hazardous environments requiring fail-safe performance, including but not limited to the operation of nuclear facilities, aircraft navigation or communication systems, air traffic control, direct life support machines, or weapons systems, in which the failure of the Software could contribute to death, personal injury, or severe physical or environmental damage (“High Risk Activities”). BLUPOINTE AND ITS SUPPLIERS SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIM ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTY OF FITNESS OF THE SOFTWARE FOR HIGH RISK ACTIVITIES. BLUPOINTE DOES NOT AUTHORIZE USE OF THE SOFTWARE FOR ANY HIGH RISK ACTIVITY. YOU AGREE TO DEFEND AND INDEMNIFY BLUPOINTE, AND HOLD BLUPOINTE HARMLESS, FROM AND AGAINST ANY AND ALL CLAIMS, ACTIONS, LOSSES, COSTS JUDGMENTS AND DAMAGES OF ANY KIND IN CONNECTION WITH USE IN RELATION TO ANY HIGH RISK ACTIVITY OF ANY COPY OF THE SOFTWARE RELATING TO THIS LICENSE.